0 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:30,000 Dear viewer, these subtitles were generated by a machine via the service Trint and therefore are (very) buggy. If you are capable, please help us to create good quality subtitles: https://c3subtitles.de/talk/351 Thanks! 1 00:00:09,040 --> 00:00:10,039 Hello, thank you. 2 00:00:10,040 --> 00:00:12,189 Thank you very much for coming here. 3 00:00:12,190 --> 00:00:14,229 My name is Martin. I go by the nickname 4 00:00:14,230 --> 00:00:15,230 Saper. 5 00:00:16,210 --> 00:00:18,339 It's a wonderful thing to 6 00:00:18,340 --> 00:00:20,679 be here. I mean, I'm amazed 7 00:00:20,680 --> 00:00:22,749 that I have a chance 8 00:00:22,750 --> 00:00:24,999 to talk to you today, and I 9 00:00:25,000 --> 00:00:26,709 hope you'll like it. 10 00:00:26,710 --> 00:00:28,869 Um, here are some 11 00:00:28,870 --> 00:00:31,119 pointers to myself, some little 12 00:00:31,120 --> 00:00:32,289 technical innovation. 13 00:00:32,290 --> 00:00:34,389 If you have your laptop on your lap, you 14 00:00:34,390 --> 00:00:36,549 can just go to the URL. 15 00:00:36,550 --> 00:00:39,219 And if you press all slides 16 00:00:39,220 --> 00:00:41,709 might advance automatically 17 00:00:41,710 --> 00:00:42,729 on your computer. 18 00:00:43,930 --> 00:00:46,149 If you don't, maybe it's useful for some 19 00:00:46,150 --> 00:00:47,150 of you. 20 00:01:01,910 --> 00:01:04,128 So for some time now, 21 00:01:04,129 --> 00:01:06,289 I've been really fascinated by aviation 22 00:01:06,290 --> 00:01:08,629 computer systems and 23 00:01:08,630 --> 00:01:10,699 everything that surrounds it, 24 00:01:10,700 --> 00:01:13,279 and I find this is a very 25 00:01:13,280 --> 00:01:14,970 specific and, uh, 26 00:01:16,040 --> 00:01:18,239 domain of computing. 27 00:01:18,240 --> 00:01:21,049 Um, this presentation contains 28 00:01:21,050 --> 00:01:22,939 everything is from public sources. 29 00:01:25,270 --> 00:01:26,559 As far I can tell, and 30 00:01:27,580 --> 00:01:29,679 I tried quite hard not to include 31 00:01:29,680 --> 00:01:31,759 anything, but this is restricted 32 00:01:31,760 --> 00:01:33,939 or or 33 00:01:33,940 --> 00:01:35,529 some kind of things. 34 00:01:35,530 --> 00:01:37,689 So for some important disclaimers, 35 00:01:37,690 --> 00:01:39,759 I mean, mostly for me, this talk 36 00:01:39,760 --> 00:01:41,979 is done in my private capacity 37 00:01:41,980 --> 00:01:44,159 and because of my private interests. 38 00:01:45,490 --> 00:01:47,559 So any relation to my day and night 39 00:01:47,560 --> 00:01:49,300 job is purely coincidental. 40 00:01:51,960 --> 00:01:54,029 So before purchasing anything, do contact 41 00:01:54,030 --> 00:01:56,369 licensed professional and don't 42 00:01:56,370 --> 00:01:57,749 rely on anything I'm say. 43 00:01:59,940 --> 00:02:02,099 So first I want to dove into 44 00:02:02,100 --> 00:02:03,539 our ports environment. 45 00:02:03,540 --> 00:02:06,149 So typical software you see, 46 00:02:06,150 --> 00:02:08,699 uh, on the on the airports. 47 00:02:09,750 --> 00:02:11,609 So obviously, the first and the most 48 00:02:11,610 --> 00:02:13,829 important one are air traffic control 49 00:02:13,830 --> 00:02:14,549 systems. 50 00:02:14,550 --> 00:02:16,709 So everything which is responsible for 51 00:02:16,710 --> 00:02:19,679 safety and in-flight, 52 00:02:19,680 --> 00:02:21,929 then you have some simple things 53 00:02:21,930 --> 00:02:24,029 like flight information systems, some 54 00:02:24,030 --> 00:02:26,099 of those things which 55 00:02:26,100 --> 00:02:28,649 manage all those fancy displays 56 00:02:28,650 --> 00:02:30,959 you see all around the airport 57 00:02:30,960 --> 00:02:32,519 and all the information that passengers 58 00:02:32,520 --> 00:02:34,619 are getting systems for baggage control, 59 00:02:34,620 --> 00:02:36,389 making sure everything gets very, very 60 00:02:36,390 --> 00:02:38,459 tuite access 61 00:02:38,460 --> 00:02:40,529 control, of course, limiting 62 00:02:40,530 --> 00:02:42,859 access for employees 63 00:02:42,860 --> 00:02:45,089 and crews and everybody, 64 00:02:45,090 --> 00:02:47,369 plus additional little small things like 65 00:02:47,370 --> 00:02:49,679 announcement systems for lost and found, 66 00:02:49,680 --> 00:02:50,769 et cetera, et cetera. 67 00:02:50,770 --> 00:02:53,519 Probably found 68 00:02:53,520 --> 00:02:55,109 lots of things like that on every 69 00:02:55,110 --> 00:02:56,110 airport. 70 00:02:57,600 --> 00:02:59,249 One, two systems, which I want to mention 71 00:02:59,250 --> 00:03:01,430 here, but are 72 00:03:03,630 --> 00:03:06,419 also used widely in the industry, 73 00:03:06,420 --> 00:03:07,439 not on the airports. 74 00:03:07,440 --> 00:03:10,209 Artomatic and what Streator 75 00:03:10,210 --> 00:03:12,419 to Mattick is in a 76 00:03:12,420 --> 00:03:15,089 huge database, uh, 77 00:03:15,090 --> 00:03:17,159 having information about passport and 78 00:03:17,160 --> 00:03:18,809 visa requirements. 79 00:03:18,810 --> 00:03:20,909 So travel agents, checking 80 00:03:20,910 --> 00:03:22,889 agents, airline representatives can 81 00:03:22,890 --> 00:03:25,709 verify online 82 00:03:25,710 --> 00:03:28,259 what's what may be wrong 83 00:03:28,260 --> 00:03:31,499 with with your visa or your passport, 84 00:03:31,500 --> 00:03:32,999 but you may not be allowed into your 85 00:03:33,000 --> 00:03:34,000 destination. 86 00:03:34,860 --> 00:03:36,569 What stressor is a very interesting 87 00:03:36,570 --> 00:03:38,669 system which literally knows 88 00:03:38,670 --> 00:03:40,799 every piece of luggage 89 00:03:40,800 --> 00:03:42,959 where it is worldwide and you can 90 00:03:42,960 --> 00:03:44,609 trace it and you can find it if it's 91 00:03:44,610 --> 00:03:47,159 lost, if there is a 92 00:03:47,160 --> 00:03:49,469 way to figure out what went wrong 93 00:03:49,470 --> 00:03:51,479 and why why it went wrong. 94 00:03:56,690 --> 00:03:58,759 So simple things 95 00:03:58,760 --> 00:04:01,319 from the air traffic control category 96 00:04:01,320 --> 00:04:02,929 think people who are interested in 97 00:04:02,930 --> 00:04:05,299 aviation might have known this already. 98 00:04:05,300 --> 00:04:08,059 This is stuff related to the weather. 99 00:04:08,060 --> 00:04:10,579 So we have messages describing 100 00:04:10,580 --> 00:04:13,039 prognosis, however, and we also have 101 00:04:13,040 --> 00:04:15,379 messages describing current weather. 102 00:04:16,399 --> 00:04:19,249 There is a good American website to 103 00:04:19,250 --> 00:04:20,268 touch to see this. 104 00:04:20,269 --> 00:04:22,309 And, well, you can imagine a simple Iasi 105 00:04:22,310 --> 00:04:23,929 conversation between two people like 106 00:04:23,930 --> 00:04:26,179 this, like, you know, somebody 107 00:04:26,180 --> 00:04:27,620 asking how is weather in Worsoe 108 00:04:29,600 --> 00:04:30,829 and this response? 109 00:04:35,740 --> 00:04:38,139 Yeah, it's fine, mostly 110 00:04:38,140 --> 00:04:40,089 fine. I mean, visibility is good. 111 00:04:40,090 --> 00:04:42,939 The clouds are low and 112 00:04:42,940 --> 00:04:44,749 no significant change changes recently. 113 00:04:46,570 --> 00:04:48,969 I used to have some such gadget 114 00:04:48,970 --> 00:04:50,199 on my laptop to check for. 115 00:04:50,200 --> 00:04:52,119 However, I think it's going to be pretty 116 00:04:52,120 --> 00:04:54,369 useful in 117 00:04:54,370 --> 00:04:55,370 from ATC 118 00:04:56,440 --> 00:04:59,319 domain and it's strategic to Europe 119 00:04:59,320 --> 00:05:01,069 is called common decision making. 120 00:05:01,070 --> 00:05:03,309 So basically under a single European 121 00:05:03,310 --> 00:05:05,739 sky, as we call it, I'm sorry, 122 00:05:07,960 --> 00:05:09,310 under a single European sky, 123 00:05:10,420 --> 00:05:12,339 all the information about traffic, the 124 00:05:12,340 --> 00:05:14,439 movements of aircraft are 125 00:05:14,440 --> 00:05:16,389 transmitted centrally. 126 00:05:16,390 --> 00:05:18,039 The organization responsible for what is 127 00:05:18,040 --> 00:05:20,529 Eurocontrol in Brussels. 128 00:05:20,530 --> 00:05:22,659 And basically they know what 129 00:05:22,660 --> 00:05:24,759 time, which aircraft was pushed from 130 00:05:24,760 --> 00:05:27,009 the gate when it went to 131 00:05:27,010 --> 00:05:29,019 to to runway went into the depart. 132 00:05:29,020 --> 00:05:30,639 But what kind of delay was that? 133 00:05:30,640 --> 00:05:31,779 What was the reason? 134 00:05:31,780 --> 00:05:32,799 And so on. So on. 135 00:05:32,800 --> 00:05:35,289 So this helps to squeeze more space 136 00:05:35,290 --> 00:05:36,819 out of a traffic space in Europe 137 00:05:38,140 --> 00:05:39,140 considerably. 138 00:05:41,210 --> 00:05:43,299 They have a nice public website. 139 00:05:43,300 --> 00:05:45,459 There is a link up where I have 140 00:05:45,460 --> 00:05:47,049 connected all the links in one place 141 00:05:47,050 --> 00:05:47,379 later. 142 00:05:47,380 --> 00:05:49,629 So if you want, you can follow 143 00:05:49,630 --> 00:05:52,449 them. And it contains 144 00:05:52,450 --> 00:05:54,309 lots of information about current traffic 145 00:05:54,310 --> 00:05:56,289 situation in Europe. So if you are 146 00:05:56,290 --> 00:05:58,449 embarking on a trip and you have 147 00:05:58,450 --> 00:05:59,769 you know, there are problems in some 148 00:05:59,770 --> 00:06:01,869 airports, you can go over 149 00:06:01,870 --> 00:06:03,069 and send information. 150 00:06:03,070 --> 00:06:05,350 If this is a sample message regarding 151 00:06:06,460 --> 00:06:08,979 Schengen right now in Europe. 152 00:06:08,980 --> 00:06:11,229 So on every weekend since December 153 00:06:11,230 --> 00:06:12,970 to, uh, to February, 154 00:06:14,260 --> 00:06:16,329 air traffic controllers and pilots 155 00:06:16,330 --> 00:06:18,369 are supposed to supposed to follow some 156 00:06:18,370 --> 00:06:19,929 specific instructions. 157 00:06:19,930 --> 00:06:22,029 This is an example for Innsbrook 158 00:06:22,030 --> 00:06:23,229 Airport. 159 00:06:23,230 --> 00:06:25,749 So there is a bit different a different 160 00:06:25,750 --> 00:06:27,819 approach, procedure foreseen 161 00:06:27,820 --> 00:06:29,409 for aircraft. 162 00:06:29,410 --> 00:06:31,689 So lots of interesting, even 163 00:06:31,690 --> 00:06:34,119 some sometimes listed like football games 164 00:06:34,120 --> 00:06:36,249 and and also 165 00:06:36,250 --> 00:06:39,489 some serious stuff affecting affecting 166 00:06:39,490 --> 00:06:40,490 operations. 167 00:06:42,490 --> 00:06:44,949 So let's move a bit more into 168 00:06:44,950 --> 00:06:47,169 airline systems, what airlines 169 00:06:47,170 --> 00:06:48,170 are using. 170 00:06:50,750 --> 00:06:52,849 First and most important is to 171 00:06:52,850 --> 00:06:54,819 me is Iran inventory. 172 00:06:54,820 --> 00:06:57,019 This is a system which is 173 00:06:57,020 --> 00:06:59,749 a database of all flights, 174 00:06:59,750 --> 00:07:02,419 but airline is running the schedule. 175 00:07:02,420 --> 00:07:04,339 What kind of aircraft is this? 176 00:07:04,340 --> 00:07:05,869 What kind of seating configuration is 177 00:07:05,870 --> 00:07:07,969 there? And most importantly, 178 00:07:07,970 --> 00:07:10,069 vis controls the whole 179 00:07:10,070 --> 00:07:11,269 sales process. 180 00:07:11,270 --> 00:07:14,209 So availability of seats 181 00:07:14,210 --> 00:07:16,309 and ultimately the price you 182 00:07:16,310 --> 00:07:18,469 pay for that is all controlled 183 00:07:18,470 --> 00:07:19,369 here. 184 00:07:19,370 --> 00:07:21,559 So this systems has a very 185 00:07:21,560 --> 00:07:23,749 secret, deeply buried 186 00:07:23,750 --> 00:07:26,149 business rules to 187 00:07:26,150 --> 00:07:28,249 determine how much we will 188 00:07:28,250 --> 00:07:30,189 be paying for for travel. 189 00:07:33,720 --> 00:07:35,819 Next is reservations and 190 00:07:35,820 --> 00:07:37,979 ticketing will be digging a bit more 191 00:07:37,980 --> 00:07:40,609 into this today, because 192 00:07:40,610 --> 00:07:42,929 this is a system which works mostly on 193 00:07:42,930 --> 00:07:44,129 passenger name records. 194 00:07:48,620 --> 00:07:50,839 Departure, departure, control and flight 195 00:07:50,840 --> 00:07:52,879 management, departure control. 196 00:07:52,880 --> 00:07:54,600 Isn't it slang for chicken? 197 00:07:55,700 --> 00:07:57,499 So basically everything the chicken agent 198 00:07:57,500 --> 00:07:59,359 uses, what gate agents use 199 00:08:00,860 --> 00:08:01,999 belongs to this area. 200 00:08:02,000 --> 00:08:04,189 So basically, if you work 201 00:08:04,190 --> 00:08:06,110 in the system, you take the reservation. 202 00:08:07,460 --> 00:08:09,529 Of a passenger and you, 203 00:08:09,530 --> 00:08:11,479 except for baggage, she brings a boarding 204 00:08:11,480 --> 00:08:14,029 pass, you put some information 205 00:08:14,030 --> 00:08:16,289 into additional information on fear 206 00:08:16,290 --> 00:08:18,469 and everything that 207 00:08:18,470 --> 00:08:21,619 is needed to assist, while 208 00:08:21,620 --> 00:08:23,879 one half of what is needed to 209 00:08:23,880 --> 00:08:26,469 to have the aircraft ready for departure, 210 00:08:26,470 --> 00:08:28,129 the flight management handles things like 211 00:08:28,130 --> 00:08:30,529 like fuel and and 212 00:08:30,530 --> 00:08:31,530 and 213 00:08:32,600 --> 00:08:34,459 similar issues. 214 00:08:34,460 --> 00:08:36,709 And second, important half 215 00:08:36,710 --> 00:08:38,779 of getting the aircraft airborne is lost 216 00:08:38,780 --> 00:08:40,099 control. 217 00:08:40,100 --> 00:08:42,199 So basically, how much stuff 218 00:08:42,200 --> 00:08:43,999 to put into the aircraft so that it 219 00:08:44,000 --> 00:08:45,379 finally can depart. 220 00:08:45,380 --> 00:08:47,419 How many passengers do we have? 221 00:08:47,420 --> 00:08:48,889 What is what is your 222 00:08:50,120 --> 00:08:51,859 load in Chicago? 223 00:08:51,860 --> 00:08:53,929 How many containers, pallets 224 00:08:53,930 --> 00:08:55,159 you have inside? 225 00:08:55,160 --> 00:08:57,559 And so what? I was so you a little 226 00:08:57,560 --> 00:08:58,760 example, maybe later. 227 00:09:01,800 --> 00:09:03,419 Of course, we shouldn't forget avionics. 228 00:09:04,760 --> 00:09:07,249 Unfortunately, I'm not into this area, 229 00:09:07,250 --> 00:09:09,529 but but this is probably a subject 230 00:09:09,530 --> 00:09:11,759 of its own, uh, how 231 00:09:11,760 --> 00:09:14,209 avionics is built, how it's 232 00:09:14,210 --> 00:09:16,449 deployed and controlled, 233 00:09:16,450 --> 00:09:19,459 controlled, and 234 00:09:19,460 --> 00:09:20,599 last but not least, in-flight 235 00:09:20,600 --> 00:09:21,769 entertainment. 236 00:09:21,770 --> 00:09:23,869 Both systems are getting pretty complex 237 00:09:23,870 --> 00:09:25,009 right now. 238 00:09:25,010 --> 00:09:27,229 While in one airports, 239 00:09:27,230 --> 00:09:29,329 I have seen it's basically a 240 00:09:29,330 --> 00:09:31,519 Linux network with IP, with 241 00:09:31,520 --> 00:09:33,619 multicasting, with everything in 242 00:09:33,620 --> 00:09:35,059 it. And it's all flight. 243 00:09:40,020 --> 00:09:42,620 And additional 244 00:09:43,920 --> 00:09:45,959 fees, which sometimes is done by the 245 00:09:45,960 --> 00:09:47,999 airlines, sometimes it's done by by the 246 00:09:48,000 --> 00:09:50,369 airport, sometimes by some other parties, 247 00:09:50,370 --> 00:09:53,519 it's flight planning software are already 248 00:09:53,520 --> 00:09:55,589 quite a few well-established packages 249 00:09:55,590 --> 00:09:57,899 to to plan 250 00:09:57,900 --> 00:09:59,580 the actual flight route. 251 00:10:01,170 --> 00:10:03,269 So out of a system, you may, uh, you 252 00:10:03,270 --> 00:10:05,579 may help prepare, watch 253 00:10:05,580 --> 00:10:07,919 exactly what you're going to be taking 254 00:10:07,920 --> 00:10:10,259 out of it. You will get your fuel 255 00:10:10,260 --> 00:10:11,549 requirements. 256 00:10:11,550 --> 00:10:13,619 So all the system 257 00:10:13,620 --> 00:10:15,479 before departure of a plane, a kind of 258 00:10:15,480 --> 00:10:16,829 resource game. 259 00:10:16,830 --> 00:10:19,079 So how much passengers you put in? 260 00:10:19,080 --> 00:10:20,519 So how much might be of it? 261 00:10:20,520 --> 00:10:22,919 More cargo or less and maybe 262 00:10:22,920 --> 00:10:25,169 put more, uh, more mail or 263 00:10:25,170 --> 00:10:27,299 less so when you can put more 264 00:10:27,300 --> 00:10:28,300 fuel. 265 00:10:29,860 --> 00:10:32,139 Or as well, I've seen situations 266 00:10:32,140 --> 00:10:34,209 like because of too much 267 00:10:34,210 --> 00:10:36,819 fuel, we had to offload 268 00:10:36,820 --> 00:10:38,440 passengers from the flight. 269 00:10:39,550 --> 00:10:42,129 So this all has to be tightly coordinated 270 00:10:42,130 --> 00:10:43,130 for systems are 271 00:10:44,950 --> 00:10:47,049 interconnected and and, 272 00:10:47,050 --> 00:10:49,269 uh, the goal is to get 273 00:10:49,270 --> 00:10:50,289 everything out on time. 274 00:10:52,180 --> 00:10:54,429 And that's an important next 275 00:10:54,430 --> 00:10:55,519 important thing is money. 276 00:10:55,520 --> 00:10:57,699 So sales of 277 00:10:57,700 --> 00:10:59,829 most of the sales of airline 278 00:10:59,830 --> 00:11:01,989 tickets is facilitated by our systems 279 00:11:01,990 --> 00:11:03,580 called global distribution systems. 280 00:11:04,870 --> 00:11:07,179 So this is a link between travel 281 00:11:07,180 --> 00:11:09,609 agents, web portals 282 00:11:09,610 --> 00:11:11,379 and airlines. 283 00:11:11,380 --> 00:11:13,449 This is kind of wholesale 284 00:11:13,450 --> 00:11:14,710 business of air travel. 285 00:11:16,630 --> 00:11:18,699 Most of you have heard 286 00:11:18,700 --> 00:11:21,129 who did fly, have certainly 287 00:11:21,130 --> 00:11:23,439 interacted with one of those systems, 288 00:11:23,440 --> 00:11:24,499 maybe the delay. 289 00:11:24,500 --> 00:11:25,500 But 290 00:11:26,680 --> 00:11:28,959 so the first one 291 00:11:28,960 --> 00:11:30,460 system deployed was Sabur 292 00:11:31,480 --> 00:11:33,729 Sabr Gallileo for 293 00:11:33,730 --> 00:11:35,169 Worldspan. 294 00:11:35,170 --> 00:11:37,749 And my favorite one I actually 295 00:11:37,750 --> 00:11:39,819 use most is Amadou's. 296 00:11:39,820 --> 00:11:40,820 The European one 297 00:11:42,370 --> 00:11:44,619 for systems do 298 00:11:44,620 --> 00:11:46,779 sell most of stuff, but airlines also 299 00:11:46,780 --> 00:11:49,189 sell directly from the inventory. 300 00:11:49,190 --> 00:11:51,879 So so you may get deals 301 00:11:51,880 --> 00:11:54,159 online on the website, 302 00:11:54,160 --> 00:11:56,229 which are not available 303 00:11:56,230 --> 00:11:58,899 via GDS in general, beholds 304 00:11:58,900 --> 00:11:59,900 business. 305 00:12:01,410 --> 00:12:03,599 Is is 306 00:12:03,600 --> 00:12:05,759 regulated because it's 307 00:12:05,760 --> 00:12:08,879 very easy to manipulate the market 308 00:12:08,880 --> 00:12:09,880 if you 309 00:12:10,950 --> 00:12:13,529 if you show more seats 310 00:12:13,530 --> 00:12:15,449 and one airline, unless it's on the other 311 00:12:15,450 --> 00:12:17,369 airline and more expensive tickets and 312 00:12:17,370 --> 00:12:19,469 one airline and less expensive tickets on 313 00:12:19,470 --> 00:12:20,850 the other. So so 314 00:12:21,990 --> 00:12:24,239 if there were cases in the past when 315 00:12:24,240 --> 00:12:26,429 when it was manipulated and 316 00:12:26,430 --> 00:12:28,649 and, uh, you 317 00:12:28,650 --> 00:12:30,779 could play with market players, could 318 00:12:30,780 --> 00:12:31,799 take advantage. 319 00:12:31,800 --> 00:12:33,899 Also, those systems 320 00:12:33,900 --> 00:12:35,939 are very heavily localized. 321 00:12:35,940 --> 00:12:38,009 So that means it depends on where you 322 00:12:38,010 --> 00:12:39,720 are. Who you are 323 00:12:40,770 --> 00:12:42,509 is what you get. 324 00:12:42,510 --> 00:12:44,909 So you can see ticket conditions 325 00:12:44,910 --> 00:12:47,109 saying this ticket is available, 326 00:12:47,110 --> 00:12:48,629 available only in Tehran 327 00:12:49,680 --> 00:12:52,979 in March of 2015. 328 00:12:52,980 --> 00:12:53,879 That's it. 329 00:12:53,880 --> 00:12:55,590 It's nothing really unusual. 330 00:12:56,820 --> 00:12:58,469 Sometimes if you get the confirmation of 331 00:12:58,470 --> 00:13:00,689 your reservation where there are, 332 00:13:00,690 --> 00:13:02,619 you are in there. 333 00:13:02,620 --> 00:13:05,039 So they relate more or less 334 00:13:05,040 --> 00:13:06,959 to their two very good systems. 335 00:13:06,960 --> 00:13:08,759 And you can you can figure out 336 00:13:09,780 --> 00:13:11,999 which system was was in charge 337 00:13:12,000 --> 00:13:14,309 of your of your travel. 338 00:13:17,810 --> 00:13:20,599 So let's go back to the 339 00:13:20,600 --> 00:13:23,059 main subject here today, it's 340 00:13:23,060 --> 00:13:25,309 the passenger name record, 341 00:13:25,310 --> 00:13:27,919 what it is, what it why it is important, 342 00:13:29,280 --> 00:13:30,919 we call it sometimes the booking or a 343 00:13:30,920 --> 00:13:32,539 reservation. 344 00:13:32,540 --> 00:13:34,369 So it's a structure that describes the 345 00:13:34,370 --> 00:13:36,749 itinerary of a passenger 346 00:13:36,750 --> 00:13:38,090 of a group of passengers, 347 00:13:39,290 --> 00:13:40,489 sometimes a pretty large group. 348 00:13:40,490 --> 00:13:42,799 Even this can include 349 00:13:42,800 --> 00:13:44,989 travel by air, can be traveled 350 00:13:44,990 --> 00:13:47,269 by hotels, by 351 00:13:47,270 --> 00:13:49,879 you can include car rental where, 352 00:13:49,880 --> 00:13:52,039 uh, well, you can 353 00:13:52,040 --> 00:13:54,139 even say somebody 354 00:13:54,140 --> 00:13:56,419 is maybe driving or moving 355 00:13:56,420 --> 00:13:58,519 somewhere without using an airplane 356 00:13:58,520 --> 00:13:59,449 from A to B. 357 00:13:59,450 --> 00:14:02,210 And he continues a travel afterwards. 358 00:14:05,420 --> 00:14:07,639 There is no formal industry standard for 359 00:14:07,640 --> 00:14:08,960 the format of a piano, 360 00:14:10,070 --> 00:14:12,589 but because they can exchange 361 00:14:12,590 --> 00:14:14,059 between various systems. 362 00:14:15,480 --> 00:14:17,699 They tend to be very similar. 363 00:14:17,700 --> 00:14:20,249 So, for example, lots of abbreviations 364 00:14:20,250 --> 00:14:22,139 and lot of additional services described 365 00:14:22,140 --> 00:14:23,140 in DIPPENAAR 366 00:14:24,660 --> 00:14:26,099 are pretty much standard. 367 00:14:26,100 --> 00:14:28,409 So so you don't have an issue 368 00:14:28,410 --> 00:14:30,269 of understanding of 369 00:14:31,470 --> 00:14:33,299 our different systems. 370 00:14:33,300 --> 00:14:34,799 The analyst identified by the record 371 00:14:34,800 --> 00:14:37,149 locator and an example, 372 00:14:37,150 --> 00:14:38,869 six and Tizard QR. 373 00:14:39,960 --> 00:14:42,239 This is actually goes down 374 00:14:42,240 --> 00:14:44,369 to some low level identifier 375 00:14:44,370 --> 00:14:45,869 of on disk. 376 00:14:48,970 --> 00:14:51,429 Initially, it was really, really sick, 377 00:14:51,430 --> 00:14:53,499 like a block, no block 378 00:14:53,500 --> 00:14:56,349 idea where the record was stored, 379 00:14:56,350 --> 00:14:57,639 both systems have been created. 380 00:14:57,640 --> 00:15:00,139 And, uh, so 381 00:15:00,140 --> 00:15:02,409 so technology behind it is this 382 00:15:02,410 --> 00:15:03,410 was pretty interesting 383 00:15:04,480 --> 00:15:06,459 and also quite unique in the inventory 384 00:15:06,460 --> 00:15:07,460 system. 385 00:15:08,080 --> 00:15:10,479 I put some abbreviations, one A is a 386 00:15:10,480 --> 00:15:12,609 abbreviation for Amadio system, 387 00:15:12,610 --> 00:15:14,739 although it's not an airline, Lufthansa 388 00:15:14,740 --> 00:15:16,809 and so on and so on. So so sometimes 389 00:15:16,810 --> 00:15:19,479 you have a combination of two and you're 390 00:15:19,480 --> 00:15:21,129 your passenger name record can be put 391 00:15:21,130 --> 00:15:23,199 into systems like if you fly to 392 00:15:23,200 --> 00:15:24,200 different airlines 393 00:15:25,300 --> 00:15:27,699 or airlines using different systems, 394 00:15:27,700 --> 00:15:29,109 uh, there's a pretty good chance that 395 00:15:29,110 --> 00:15:31,179 your Europeana would be replicated and 396 00:15:31,180 --> 00:15:33,189 will have two or three different 397 00:15:33,190 --> 00:15:34,759 identifiers. 398 00:15:34,760 --> 00:15:36,879 Uh, it's important to watch 399 00:15:36,880 --> 00:15:38,289 if you check on the website, you want to 400 00:15:38,290 --> 00:15:40,359 check in quickly which one which one 401 00:15:40,360 --> 00:15:42,609 is right. Sometimes there's nothing 402 00:15:42,610 --> 00:15:44,469 else, like just trying all of them and 403 00:15:44,470 --> 00:15:45,910 see, maybe one of them works. 404 00:15:48,120 --> 00:15:50,579 So subpoenas 405 00:15:50,580 --> 00:15:52,559 are something which is like volatile, 406 00:15:52,560 --> 00:15:54,929 it's pretty quick and dirty information, 407 00:15:54,930 --> 00:15:56,999 it doesn't cost much 408 00:15:57,000 --> 00:15:58,799 or except for access to the system, 409 00:15:58,800 --> 00:16:00,929 doesn't cost anything to put 410 00:16:00,930 --> 00:16:02,429 a reservation. 411 00:16:02,430 --> 00:16:04,499 So double agent can just play with 412 00:16:04,500 --> 00:16:06,569 a system and booked seats 413 00:16:06,570 --> 00:16:08,519 for you, see different different 414 00:16:08,520 --> 00:16:10,899 itineraries, different routes and price 415 00:16:10,900 --> 00:16:13,019 them and they can do 416 00:16:13,020 --> 00:16:14,020 it online 417 00:16:17,610 --> 00:16:18,539 after that. 418 00:16:18,540 --> 00:16:20,729 If if you if you want to to 419 00:16:20,730 --> 00:16:22,559 to to purchase a certain route 420 00:16:24,300 --> 00:16:26,489 and electronic ticket today will 421 00:16:26,490 --> 00:16:27,829 be created. 422 00:16:27,830 --> 00:16:29,909 And this indicates that's really the firm 423 00:16:29,910 --> 00:16:31,949 has been paid. And the contract, the 424 00:16:31,950 --> 00:16:34,109 actual contract has been has been 425 00:16:34,110 --> 00:16:35,549 kind of signed. 426 00:16:35,550 --> 00:16:37,079 So the ticket is valid between two 427 00:16:37,080 --> 00:16:39,539 cities, not two airports. 428 00:16:39,540 --> 00:16:41,519 So, for example, you can you can in 429 00:16:41,520 --> 00:16:43,289 theory, use a ticket for two different 430 00:16:43,290 --> 00:16:44,849 airports in one city. 431 00:16:44,850 --> 00:16:46,469 It usually has a day or two when it's 432 00:16:46,470 --> 00:16:48,599 valid in for some long number. 433 00:16:48,600 --> 00:16:51,119 No, this is a real example from 434 00:16:51,120 --> 00:16:53,189 from Suess. The first three digits 435 00:16:53,190 --> 00:16:54,390 indicate the airline 436 00:16:55,920 --> 00:16:58,109 and this number is never reused. 437 00:16:58,110 --> 00:17:00,329 So pioneers are like like go 438 00:17:00,330 --> 00:17:03,119 in, go out, delete the 439 00:17:03,120 --> 00:17:05,309 numbers can be located, 440 00:17:05,310 --> 00:17:06,539 is going to be reused. 441 00:17:06,540 --> 00:17:08,759 It's like throwaway information of 442 00:17:08,760 --> 00:17:10,979 all important electronic 443 00:17:10,980 --> 00:17:13,049 ticket is something where your money 444 00:17:13,050 --> 00:17:14,050 is. 445 00:17:15,510 --> 00:17:17,338 So if you ever get the confirmation from 446 00:17:17,339 --> 00:17:19,649 a travel, make sure you know Vatican 447 00:17:19,650 --> 00:17:22,229 number, because that's your money, 448 00:17:22,230 --> 00:17:24,419 Alvarez is 449 00:17:24,420 --> 00:17:25,420 secondary. 450 00:17:27,150 --> 00:17:29,399 It also specifies a third paid, which 451 00:17:29,400 --> 00:17:31,709 was a tariff and important desmukh 452 00:17:31,710 --> 00:17:34,829 condition conditions for not. 453 00:17:34,830 --> 00:17:37,019 I heard some some of you had 454 00:17:37,020 --> 00:17:40,079 some issues coming to Congress 455 00:17:40,080 --> 00:17:41,909 one of the evenings, I think, two days 456 00:17:41,910 --> 00:17:42,929 ago. 457 00:17:42,930 --> 00:17:45,059 So I advise them, please 458 00:17:45,060 --> 00:17:46,859 do check your fair note and make sure 459 00:17:48,230 --> 00:17:49,919 to know what was penalty for, for 460 00:17:49,920 --> 00:17:51,989 example, the penalty for a booking or 461 00:17:51,990 --> 00:17:53,070 if you can rebook at all. 462 00:17:54,450 --> 00:17:56,969 So all those little little things are 463 00:17:56,970 --> 00:17:58,140 describing the fear, not 464 00:18:00,180 --> 00:18:01,979 so electrolytic, it may or may not be 465 00:18:01,980 --> 00:18:04,139 associated to the nerves of 466 00:18:04,140 --> 00:18:05,069 typical consequences. 467 00:18:05,070 --> 00:18:07,379 You create reservation your first, you 468 00:18:07,380 --> 00:18:09,539 you sell the ticket and then 469 00:18:09,540 --> 00:18:10,499 everything is combined. 470 00:18:10,500 --> 00:18:12,899 But it's also many to many relationship. 471 00:18:12,900 --> 00:18:14,309 You can have multiple tickets for one 472 00:18:14,310 --> 00:18:16,769 journey, uh, 473 00:18:16,770 --> 00:18:18,959 for example. Or, uh, you can, 474 00:18:18,960 --> 00:18:20,879 uh, you can have multiple reservations 475 00:18:20,880 --> 00:18:21,880 for one ticket. 476 00:18:23,890 --> 00:18:26,229 So how do we go into creation 477 00:18:26,230 --> 00:18:28,359 of business and how do we work with 478 00:18:28,360 --> 00:18:30,369 them so. 479 00:18:31,850 --> 00:18:34,039 Practically all reservation systems 480 00:18:34,040 --> 00:18:35,570 are mainframe systems. 481 00:18:36,930 --> 00:18:39,149 Originally meant to be accessed by 482 00:18:39,150 --> 00:18:40,769 three hundred seventy green screen 483 00:18:40,770 --> 00:18:42,929 terminal, so if anyone if you 484 00:18:42,930 --> 00:18:45,059 had a chance to a mainframe 485 00:18:45,060 --> 00:18:47,189 or see the mainframe system, 486 00:18:47,190 --> 00:18:49,919 that's exactly how it looks like. 487 00:18:49,920 --> 00:18:52,439 However, most 488 00:18:52,440 --> 00:18:54,389 systems provide interactive interface 489 00:18:54,390 --> 00:18:56,369 with real time transaction processing. 490 00:18:57,370 --> 00:18:59,619 And it's really fast and given 491 00:18:59,620 --> 00:19:01,539 the amount of transactions they process. 492 00:19:02,920 --> 00:19:05,139 This is this is something which 493 00:19:05,140 --> 00:19:07,899 is which is which is really 494 00:19:07,900 --> 00:19:10,269 in the scale of a processing 495 00:19:10,270 --> 00:19:12,189 going on. Fear is something which is 496 00:19:12,190 --> 00:19:14,230 something that is hard to imagine. 497 00:19:16,890 --> 00:19:18,240 Most airline systems 498 00:19:19,500 --> 00:19:21,119 in reservation and ticketing systems they 499 00:19:21,120 --> 00:19:23,219 run on then one of 500 00:19:23,220 --> 00:19:24,220 the most. 501 00:19:25,730 --> 00:19:27,849 I unknown operating systems, 502 00:19:29,020 --> 00:19:31,119 it's called transaction processing 503 00:19:31,120 --> 00:19:34,029 facility Schwartzkopf, 504 00:19:34,030 --> 00:19:37,119 it was created in in 1960s 505 00:19:37,120 --> 00:19:38,259 and actually 506 00:19:39,370 --> 00:19:41,609 one has a feeling that if there 507 00:19:41,610 --> 00:19:44,229 they're a real core of a system, didn't 508 00:19:44,230 --> 00:19:46,389 really change the whole. 509 00:19:46,390 --> 00:19:48,669 And those systems until today 510 00:19:48,670 --> 00:19:50,919 are processing things like 511 00:19:50,920 --> 00:19:52,989 airlines and credit card transaction 512 00:19:52,990 --> 00:19:54,219 processing, for example. 513 00:19:54,220 --> 00:19:56,319 Ibiza is using also also something 514 00:19:56,320 --> 00:19:57,609 like that. 515 00:19:57,610 --> 00:19:59,919 And a 516 00:19:59,920 --> 00:20:01,989 number of installations worldwide 517 00:20:01,990 --> 00:20:03,400 is certainly less than 100. 518 00:20:05,770 --> 00:20:07,989 I heard some numbers and numbers around 519 00:20:07,990 --> 00:20:10,329 50, 50 or 60, 520 00:20:10,330 --> 00:20:12,489 and it looks like we 521 00:20:12,490 --> 00:20:15,039 have even less and less installations 522 00:20:15,040 --> 00:20:17,349 available. There has been many, many, 523 00:20:17,350 --> 00:20:19,660 many I.T. projects to replace that. 524 00:20:21,040 --> 00:20:23,139 You can imagine vendors like 525 00:20:23,140 --> 00:20:25,089 big database vendors trying to create 526 00:20:25,090 --> 00:20:27,369 something which is as fast 527 00:20:27,370 --> 00:20:28,959 and as capable as this. 528 00:20:31,030 --> 00:20:32,030 Well. 529 00:20:33,880 --> 00:20:36,059 Looks like technology from the 60s still 530 00:20:36,060 --> 00:20:38,369 holds strong and 531 00:20:38,370 --> 00:20:39,780 we cannot really. 532 00:20:46,020 --> 00:20:48,989 So once we get a system, 533 00:20:48,990 --> 00:20:49,990 we know of a mainframe, 534 00:20:51,270 --> 00:20:53,279 we need to connect somehow to it and I 535 00:20:53,280 --> 00:20:55,289 would describe a typical workstation. 536 00:20:55,290 --> 00:20:57,569 This is a typical new configuration. 537 00:20:57,570 --> 00:20:59,969 So because it has mostly everything 538 00:21:01,350 --> 00:21:03,029 the ticketing agents need, not not 539 00:21:03,030 --> 00:21:05,099 everything, but ticket agent is somebody 540 00:21:05,100 --> 00:21:07,499 who really has has all of devices 541 00:21:07,500 --> 00:21:08,399 connected. So. 542 00:21:08,400 --> 00:21:10,529 So you have multiple devices is 543 00:21:10,530 --> 00:21:11,549 a tech printers. 544 00:21:12,600 --> 00:21:14,609 So the thing you put on your it was put 545 00:21:14,610 --> 00:21:17,189 on your back for boarding pass printers, 546 00:21:17,190 --> 00:21:19,439 hard copy printers. 547 00:21:19,440 --> 00:21:21,629 And I tell you, long live 548 00:21:21,630 --> 00:21:22,950 dot matrix printers. 549 00:21:26,890 --> 00:21:29,139 I've seen young agents coming 550 00:21:29,140 --> 00:21:31,209 to work and like we have to offer 551 00:21:31,210 --> 00:21:32,919 training to see those things, which I 552 00:21:32,920 --> 00:21:34,839 remember from my high school, and it's 553 00:21:34,840 --> 00:21:36,039 like what's 554 00:21:37,180 --> 00:21:38,180 latissimus? 555 00:21:39,970 --> 00:21:42,399 But given the amount of paper 556 00:21:42,400 --> 00:21:44,679 which is produced so I can show you that 557 00:21:44,680 --> 00:21:47,439 on board services for Airbus 380 558 00:21:47,440 --> 00:21:48,730 is like this thick. 559 00:21:50,580 --> 00:21:51,839 For just for one flight. 560 00:21:53,850 --> 00:21:56,669 So there is no hardware 561 00:21:56,670 --> 00:21:58,679 in printing business which can withstand 562 00:21:58,680 --> 00:22:00,989 such a lot, and the best 563 00:22:00,990 --> 00:22:03,689 thing is you can fix it with a 564 00:22:03,690 --> 00:22:06,689 Lieberman or life mostly 565 00:22:06,690 --> 00:22:08,639 and try doing that with your laser 566 00:22:08,640 --> 00:22:10,919 printer or inkjet printer or 567 00:22:10,920 --> 00:22:13,049 anything like that. I mean, what's going 568 00:22:13,050 --> 00:22:15,959 to happen? Printer can just get stuck. 569 00:22:15,960 --> 00:22:18,269 You take a knife, remove a paper, remove 570 00:22:18,270 --> 00:22:19,649 the rest. 571 00:22:19,650 --> 00:22:20,650 Keeps going 572 00:22:21,900 --> 00:22:24,239 into devices which usually uses 573 00:22:24,240 --> 00:22:27,329 magnetic stripe reader for 574 00:22:27,330 --> 00:22:29,609 frequent flier cards and for credit cards 575 00:22:30,990 --> 00:22:33,359 is sometimes is combined with OCR 576 00:22:33,360 --> 00:22:35,609 scanner. So if you have a passport 577 00:22:35,610 --> 00:22:37,769 or ID with a little readable 578 00:22:37,770 --> 00:22:40,259 zone, if you get one from 579 00:22:40,260 --> 00:22:42,599 digital Karaj here you can get 580 00:22:42,600 --> 00:22:45,579 build houseflies where it also contains, 581 00:22:45,580 --> 00:22:47,819 uh, appropriate, appropriate 582 00:22:47,820 --> 00:22:49,419 information to be scanned. 583 00:22:49,420 --> 00:22:50,420 So 584 00:22:52,530 --> 00:22:54,269 barcode scanner, keyboard. 585 00:22:54,270 --> 00:22:57,389 And what's interesting, although, 586 00:22:57,390 --> 00:22:59,579 uh, many countries are jumping onto 587 00:22:59,580 --> 00:23:02,129 biometric passports, 588 00:23:02,130 --> 00:23:05,069 I have yet to see RFID 589 00:23:05,070 --> 00:23:07,019 reader fear. 590 00:23:07,020 --> 00:23:09,119 Well, actually, nobody needs a picture of 591 00:23:09,120 --> 00:23:10,649 a passenger, but. 592 00:23:10,650 --> 00:23:12,389 But hopefully yet. 593 00:23:12,390 --> 00:23:14,039 So we don't have false. 594 00:23:14,040 --> 00:23:15,539 At least I haven't seen both in action 595 00:23:15,540 --> 00:23:16,540 yet. 596 00:23:17,770 --> 00:23:19,929 And all of gear is supposed to be 597 00:23:19,930 --> 00:23:22,029 connected to to to to 598 00:23:22,030 --> 00:23:24,459 vent to our mainstream system, 599 00:23:24,460 --> 00:23:27,339 but this was usually done by by HADAWAY 600 00:23:27,340 --> 00:23:30,009 terminals for 601 00:23:30,010 --> 00:23:32,139 things really got created 602 00:23:32,140 --> 00:23:33,999 in the 60s. 603 00:23:34,000 --> 00:23:35,000 And and 604 00:23:36,550 --> 00:23:38,709 and the whole structure of ideology 605 00:23:38,710 --> 00:23:41,289 behind it didn't really change today. 606 00:23:42,950 --> 00:23:45,529 We are using actually PCs 607 00:23:45,530 --> 00:23:47,629 and there is a thing called common 608 00:23:47,630 --> 00:23:49,670 use terminal equipment, which is 609 00:23:51,980 --> 00:23:54,499 which is platform software platform 610 00:23:54,500 --> 00:23:56,659 built on today, it's Windows 611 00:23:56,660 --> 00:23:57,660 XP. 612 00:23:59,390 --> 00:24:00,289 I know. 613 00:24:00,290 --> 00:24:02,119 I know. But it was always too it was 614 00:24:02,120 --> 00:24:04,559 Windows and T and now it's XP. 615 00:24:04,560 --> 00:24:06,769 Well, maybe 616 00:24:06,770 --> 00:24:08,179 it's easier to lock down Windows XP. 617 00:24:08,180 --> 00:24:09,349 I don't know. And 618 00:24:10,970 --> 00:24:13,849 basically the goal of this is 619 00:24:13,850 --> 00:24:15,949 to be able to to be able 620 00:24:15,950 --> 00:24:18,949 to use the same PC for different airlines 621 00:24:18,950 --> 00:24:21,169 so you can quickly change just to log 622 00:24:21,170 --> 00:24:22,669 in to another user. 623 00:24:22,670 --> 00:24:24,859 And you are with Lufthansa, you log out 624 00:24:24,860 --> 00:24:26,929 to switch to and you are in 625 00:24:26,930 --> 00:24:29,149 in, uh, I don't know, Aschiana into 626 00:24:29,150 --> 00:24:31,129 one so and so on. So you can basically 627 00:24:31,130 --> 00:24:33,469 switch software configurations on demand 628 00:24:33,470 --> 00:24:35,179 as you can just need them for devices, 629 00:24:35,180 --> 00:24:36,180 stay the same. 630 00:24:37,250 --> 00:24:40,219 And, uh, 631 00:24:40,220 --> 00:24:41,809 physical hardware. Stever same. 632 00:24:41,810 --> 00:24:44,389 But the whole logic for networking 633 00:24:44,390 --> 00:24:45,890 behind it changes. 634 00:24:46,940 --> 00:24:49,059 If I also have service kiosk, which 635 00:24:49,060 --> 00:24:52,099 is basically it's the same equipment 636 00:24:52,100 --> 00:24:54,559 just designed to be used by, uh, 637 00:24:54,560 --> 00:24:55,819 by the passenger himself. 638 00:24:57,900 --> 00:25:00,209 So let's go to 639 00:25:00,210 --> 00:25:02,129 to communications and how it all is 640 00:25:02,130 --> 00:25:03,130 wired. 641 00:25:04,380 --> 00:25:06,509 There are to be a few more, 642 00:25:06,510 --> 00:25:09,299 but why are two leading companies 643 00:25:09,300 --> 00:25:11,669 and one of them is called Sittar? 644 00:25:11,670 --> 00:25:13,799 It's actually a corporation created 645 00:25:13,800 --> 00:25:16,199 by the airlines and American 646 00:25:16,200 --> 00:25:18,629 counterpart. It's Oracle or No Technology 647 00:25:18,630 --> 00:25:19,829 Incorporated. 648 00:25:19,830 --> 00:25:22,949 Those companies are telecom 649 00:25:22,950 --> 00:25:25,229 or ISPs 650 00:25:25,230 --> 00:25:26,189 to be allied. 651 00:25:26,190 --> 00:25:29,429 So they provide the whole infrastructure 652 00:25:29,430 --> 00:25:30,840 to get with everything networked. 653 00:25:31,950 --> 00:25:34,169 So they created specially 654 00:25:34,170 --> 00:25:36,659 created a huge Internet 655 00:25:36,660 --> 00:25:37,769 wide area network. 656 00:25:39,610 --> 00:25:41,909 And it's amazing because it's a covering 657 00:25:41,910 --> 00:25:45,339 of over 220 countries 658 00:25:45,340 --> 00:25:47,979 and it was done done well before 659 00:25:47,980 --> 00:25:50,999 we even were thinking about the Internet. 660 00:25:51,000 --> 00:25:52,000 So. 661 00:25:53,280 --> 00:25:55,079 One of the most important parts and 662 00:25:55,080 --> 00:25:56,819 functions of those networks is connecting 663 00:25:56,820 --> 00:25:59,009 those terminals. We spoke before 664 00:25:59,010 --> 00:26:00,029 to those mainframes. 665 00:26:01,470 --> 00:26:02,789 Actually, it looks like. 666 00:26:04,760 --> 00:26:07,249 It looks like that each device 667 00:26:07,250 --> 00:26:09,329 is separately connected to the 668 00:26:09,330 --> 00:26:12,439 house, so it has its own identifier, 669 00:26:12,440 --> 00:26:14,869 device identifier similar to it 670 00:26:14,870 --> 00:26:16,939 to your like, IP address or 671 00:26:16,940 --> 00:26:17,869 something like this. 672 00:26:17,870 --> 00:26:19,999 So the advantage is that is that you can 673 00:26:20,000 --> 00:26:22,219 worldwide use device on some 674 00:26:22,220 --> 00:26:24,289 other terminal. So Avenue, for 675 00:26:24,290 --> 00:26:26,479 example, printing on printers, 676 00:26:26,480 --> 00:26:28,669 which are like 677 00:26:28,670 --> 00:26:30,649 ten thousand kilometers away. 678 00:26:30,650 --> 00:26:32,809 And and this system handles that 679 00:26:32,810 --> 00:26:33,769 easily. 680 00:26:33,770 --> 00:26:36,049 Well, in the 60s, it was probably 681 00:26:36,050 --> 00:26:37,789 really, really cool thing. 682 00:26:37,790 --> 00:26:40,339 And try to do that on somebody else 683 00:26:40,340 --> 00:26:41,720 printer here over the Internet. 684 00:26:43,870 --> 00:26:46,069 Um, one function, uh, 685 00:26:46,070 --> 00:26:48,499 on the, uh, in communication 686 00:26:48,500 --> 00:26:52,039 area is messaging via telex. 687 00:26:52,040 --> 00:26:54,169 So airline people really 688 00:26:54,170 --> 00:26:56,479 say we write the telex and 689 00:26:56,480 --> 00:26:58,730 we return and so we don't write emails. 690 00:26:59,750 --> 00:27:02,899 There's a special protocol, um, 691 00:27:02,900 --> 00:27:05,659 unfortunately, the specifications are 692 00:27:05,660 --> 00:27:08,029 you have to pay for that to get into it, 693 00:27:08,030 --> 00:27:10,099 and it's designed to 694 00:27:10,100 --> 00:27:11,630 run on serial links and 695 00:27:12,980 --> 00:27:15,169 well, occasionally it might run over IP 696 00:27:15,170 --> 00:27:16,999 on some some IP protocol links. 697 00:27:17,000 --> 00:27:18,289 But actually, the whole system is 698 00:27:18,290 --> 00:27:20,449 designed to to function without 699 00:27:20,450 --> 00:27:22,579 any and the Internet. 700 00:27:22,580 --> 00:27:24,020 So here's a simple message. 701 00:27:26,640 --> 00:27:28,979 Uh, from, uh, 702 00:27:28,980 --> 00:27:30,000 from Seattle, 703 00:27:32,640 --> 00:27:35,130 maybe let's skip to to to to to a more 704 00:27:36,690 --> 00:27:37,649 expensive version. 705 00:27:37,650 --> 00:27:39,749 Well, you can think of it like an 706 00:27:39,750 --> 00:27:42,209 email. It's actually functionally 707 00:27:42,210 --> 00:27:44,609 very similar to what SMTP is doing. 708 00:27:44,610 --> 00:27:46,979 So it first took two lines are 709 00:27:46,980 --> 00:27:47,939 a header. 710 00:27:47,940 --> 00:27:50,339 So Kudi is a priority. 711 00:27:50,340 --> 00:27:52,469 The sender and the recipient 712 00:27:52,470 --> 00:27:54,289 are listed below. 713 00:27:54,290 --> 00:27:56,359 The cool thing about Sittar addressing 714 00:27:56,360 --> 00:27:58,069 system that the first letter, free 715 00:27:58,070 --> 00:27:59,779 letters are always the airport code, 716 00:27:59,780 --> 00:28:01,519 second to letters are usually the airline 717 00:28:01,520 --> 00:28:03,679 code and those two 718 00:28:03,680 --> 00:28:06,349 left are usually kind of standardized. 719 00:28:06,350 --> 00:28:08,419 So you can actually guess the address 720 00:28:08,420 --> 00:28:10,729 of the recipient if you don't know. 721 00:28:10,730 --> 00:28:12,949 So, for example, I need to write 722 00:28:12,950 --> 00:28:15,409 reservations of New Zealand 723 00:28:15,410 --> 00:28:17,359 and Air New Zealand in Auckland. 724 00:28:18,380 --> 00:28:20,779 So I just send it to Akl 725 00:28:20,780 --> 00:28:22,990 NZ are. 726 00:28:24,470 --> 00:28:26,389 And did you well, he got so far some 727 00:28:26,390 --> 00:28:28,069 standard addresses which everybody is 728 00:28:28,070 --> 00:28:30,139 using, and it's pretty useful, you don't 729 00:28:30,140 --> 00:28:32,359 have to even think and 730 00:28:32,360 --> 00:28:33,739 look up. What's your address? 731 00:28:33,740 --> 00:28:36,709 You just give it to him right away. 732 00:28:36,710 --> 00:28:38,059 So the first line is 733 00:28:39,420 --> 00:28:41,419 of a type of a message vis a vis 734 00:28:41,420 --> 00:28:43,639 example's continued polite message. 735 00:28:43,640 --> 00:28:46,189 So this is the message which describes 736 00:28:46,190 --> 00:28:48,349 the exact what is put 737 00:28:48,350 --> 00:28:50,779 inside of cargo area of this particular 738 00:28:50,780 --> 00:28:52,979 aircraft, followed by 739 00:28:52,980 --> 00:28:53,980 the flight number 740 00:28:55,190 --> 00:28:57,619 of a flight, no registration 741 00:28:57,620 --> 00:28:59,599 number of aircraft. 742 00:28:59,600 --> 00:29:01,669 And then we have this description, 743 00:29:01,670 --> 00:29:04,069 description of what, Sloggett 744 00:29:04,070 --> 00:29:06,469 11, all 12, 14 on the 42 745 00:29:06,470 --> 00:29:08,659 positions. So it's like a map you 746 00:29:08,660 --> 00:29:10,849 can imagine left, right and 747 00:29:10,850 --> 00:29:12,829 and doors where of our containers are 748 00:29:12,830 --> 00:29:14,029 located. 749 00:29:14,030 --> 00:29:16,159 Three letters, PKK, each vis 750 00:29:16,160 --> 00:29:17,930 a vis our container type 751 00:29:19,170 --> 00:29:20,170 is typical 752 00:29:21,680 --> 00:29:25,099 luggage, luggage, container, 753 00:29:25,100 --> 00:29:27,229 IED. This code for Istanbul. 754 00:29:27,230 --> 00:29:28,579 So it's aware of this container is 755 00:29:28,580 --> 00:29:31,699 supposed to go away from kilograms. 756 00:29:31,700 --> 00:29:34,459 And what it is see is that cargo 757 00:29:34,460 --> 00:29:36,649 B.S. means business 758 00:29:36,650 --> 00:29:39,889 class bags without 759 00:29:39,890 --> 00:29:42,589 by means there no economy 760 00:29:42,590 --> 00:29:43,499 class bags here. 761 00:29:43,500 --> 00:29:46,039 By means, it's economy class container. 762 00:29:47,510 --> 00:29:49,099 It matters because if you are not 763 00:29:51,440 --> 00:29:53,059 unloading, process is really slow. 764 00:29:53,060 --> 00:29:55,429 So you have to prioritize 765 00:29:55,430 --> 00:29:56,929 which containers you want to be. 766 00:29:56,930 --> 00:29:59,149 First out, for example, 767 00:29:59,150 --> 00:30:01,279 for some short connections and you 768 00:30:01,280 --> 00:30:03,259 want to have continues to be unloaded 769 00:30:03,260 --> 00:30:05,539 quickly. And finally, there is a whole 770 00:30:05,540 --> 00:30:07,759 five, four, five, we call it sometimes 771 00:30:07,760 --> 00:30:08,839 Beli. 772 00:30:08,840 --> 00:30:10,939 This is a part of aircraft while not not 773 00:30:10,940 --> 00:30:13,219 have it, but it's 774 00:30:13,220 --> 00:30:15,199 the part where you don't put containers, 775 00:30:15,200 --> 00:30:17,319 you just put those items. 776 00:30:17,320 --> 00:30:19,369 That's where animals are being 777 00:30:19,370 --> 00:30:22,699 transported versus dogs in cages, 778 00:30:22,700 --> 00:30:25,160 strollers, wheelchairs 779 00:30:26,420 --> 00:30:28,279 and some funky items. 780 00:30:28,280 --> 00:30:31,069 I don't know, like, like bikes sometimes 781 00:30:31,070 --> 00:30:32,070 or, 782 00:30:33,800 --> 00:30:35,989 or surfing boards or something 783 00:30:35,990 --> 00:30:38,659 like that. And somebody put comments 784 00:30:38,660 --> 00:30:40,010 to baby stories in 785 00:30:41,420 --> 00:30:43,819 CPG five, which means somebody 786 00:30:43,820 --> 00:30:46,159 we have to choose to charge to be 787 00:30:46,160 --> 00:30:47,160 unloaded. 788 00:30:47,850 --> 00:30:49,219 This would be the first thing which 789 00:30:49,220 --> 00:30:51,199 probably goes out to the aircraft. 790 00:30:51,200 --> 00:30:53,359 So passengers disembarking will get it. 791 00:30:58,460 --> 00:31:00,619 Those messages are 792 00:31:00,620 --> 00:31:02,749 can be KPM 793 00:31:02,750 --> 00:31:04,369 is mostly written automatically by the 794 00:31:04,370 --> 00:31:06,529 system, but you can write 795 00:31:06,530 --> 00:31:08,869 it's free text, we just write an email 796 00:31:10,190 --> 00:31:11,779 and then there is a wireless 797 00:31:11,780 --> 00:31:12,780 communication. 798 00:31:13,820 --> 00:31:15,619 Something you might have heard before in 799 00:31:15,620 --> 00:31:17,719 the news, there is 800 00:31:17,720 --> 00:31:20,089 a datalink wireless data link between 801 00:31:20,090 --> 00:31:21,979 aircraft and the ground, which is called 802 00:31:21,980 --> 00:31:24,139 Ackers Aircraft Communication, Addressing 803 00:31:24,140 --> 00:31:25,699 and reporting system. 804 00:31:25,700 --> 00:31:28,039 It went mainstream recently 805 00:31:28,040 --> 00:31:31,729 because of Malaysian Flight 370 806 00:31:31,730 --> 00:31:33,019 and it was widely discussed. 807 00:31:33,020 --> 00:31:35,209 So this is lots of communication going 808 00:31:35,210 --> 00:31:37,129 on very automatically. 809 00:31:37,130 --> 00:31:39,199 So engine's reporting what's going on, 810 00:31:39,200 --> 00:31:40,639 various systems reporting what's going 811 00:31:40,640 --> 00:31:42,919 on, where pilots 812 00:31:42,920 --> 00:31:44,779 are using it all the time. 813 00:31:44,780 --> 00:31:46,069 When there's a particular application, 814 00:31:46,070 --> 00:31:47,480 which is very interesting for us, 815 00:31:48,680 --> 00:31:51,829 is a system 816 00:31:51,830 --> 00:31:54,019 which one of part of 817 00:31:54,020 --> 00:31:56,209 it just broadcasts 818 00:31:56,210 --> 00:31:57,769 information about their flight suits as a 819 00:31:57,770 --> 00:32:00,649 flight, no registration, no destination, 820 00:32:00,650 --> 00:32:02,479 current altitude, speed and so on. 821 00:32:02,480 --> 00:32:05,059 So and this is exactly what Flight Radar 822 00:32:05,060 --> 00:32:06,679 24 comm is using. 823 00:32:06,680 --> 00:32:08,569 Basically flat father of 24 is just a 824 00:32:08,570 --> 00:32:10,879 network, crowdsourced network of 825 00:32:10,880 --> 00:32:13,279 of people who are running 826 00:32:13,280 --> 00:32:15,619 who are running receivers 827 00:32:15,620 --> 00:32:16,969 from for voice messages. 828 00:32:16,970 --> 00:32:18,589 They are not encrypted. 829 00:32:18,590 --> 00:32:21,019 So everybody can see that 830 00:32:21,020 --> 00:32:22,069 you put them on the map 831 00:32:23,090 --> 00:32:24,090 and that's it. 832 00:32:24,810 --> 00:32:27,549 But also other modes at CNBC, values 833 00:32:27,550 --> 00:32:29,779 used in a question answer mode so 834 00:32:29,780 --> 00:32:31,579 you can ask for more information. 835 00:32:31,580 --> 00:32:32,580 You can also 836 00:32:33,650 --> 00:32:36,229 transmit telex I meant before 837 00:32:36,230 --> 00:32:38,489 on board and back using voice 838 00:32:39,510 --> 00:32:41,899 communication and military 839 00:32:41,900 --> 00:32:44,599 application called IFRS Identification, 840 00:32:44,600 --> 00:32:45,799 friend or foe. 841 00:32:45,800 --> 00:32:47,719 It's actually just a little protocol 842 00:32:47,720 --> 00:32:49,519 extension and adds with some crypto. 843 00:32:51,140 --> 00:32:53,389 So somebody sends you a challenge, 844 00:32:53,390 --> 00:32:55,759 you have to sign it, respond 845 00:32:55,760 --> 00:32:57,380 back, and then you are friendly aircraft 846 00:32:59,000 --> 00:33:00,000 or not. 847 00:33:02,210 --> 00:33:04,699 So there is a free and open software 848 00:33:04,700 --> 00:33:07,189 called Acasti available 849 00:33:07,190 --> 00:33:09,349 for sniffing ads. 850 00:33:09,350 --> 00:33:11,269 So, of course, some radio equipment is 851 00:33:11,270 --> 00:33:13,459 required and you can you can 852 00:33:13,460 --> 00:33:15,019 just read file logs available on the 853 00:33:15,020 --> 00:33:16,519 Internet. 854 00:33:16,520 --> 00:33:18,779 People are sniffing miscommunications. 855 00:33:18,780 --> 00:33:20,899 So so you can you can 856 00:33:20,900 --> 00:33:21,900 see what's going on there. 857 00:33:24,850 --> 00:33:27,099 So let's 858 00:33:27,100 --> 00:33:30,369 go to some more 859 00:33:30,370 --> 00:33:32,769 deeper down into into 860 00:33:32,770 --> 00:33:33,819 into the actual. 861 00:33:34,980 --> 00:33:37,049 It was innovation, and so 862 00:33:37,050 --> 00:33:39,689 this is an example is a fake example, 863 00:33:39,690 --> 00:33:41,819 but it looks really real how the 864 00:33:41,820 --> 00:33:43,829 passenger name record of Amadeus looks 865 00:33:43,830 --> 00:33:44,830 like. 866 00:33:45,830 --> 00:33:48,049 So looking from top 867 00:33:48,050 --> 00:33:50,229 as some indications of things with Singh 868 00:33:50,230 --> 00:33:52,729 is an indication of the office, 869 00:33:52,730 --> 00:33:55,099 there is a user ID or user 870 00:33:55,100 --> 00:33:57,529 user ID hole created or recently 871 00:33:57,530 --> 00:33:58,999 updated for records update. 872 00:33:59,000 --> 00:34:01,159 It was updated. 873 00:34:01,160 --> 00:34:03,619 And on the top 874 00:34:03,620 --> 00:34:06,319 right hand, you, uh, you see Vall 875 00:34:06,320 --> 00:34:07,320 locator. 876 00:34:08,690 --> 00:34:09,738 Then you have the names of the 877 00:34:09,739 --> 00:34:10,698 passengers. 878 00:34:10,699 --> 00:34:12,319 One of the passengers is a child. 879 00:34:13,500 --> 00:34:15,948 It was a child born and 1st January 880 00:34:15,949 --> 00:34:17,388 2008. 881 00:34:17,389 --> 00:34:20,178 And then you have lines 882 00:34:20,179 --> 00:34:22,549 with additional information. 883 00:34:22,550 --> 00:34:25,488 So line frien, line number four, 884 00:34:25,489 --> 00:34:26,539 our itineraries. 885 00:34:26,540 --> 00:34:28,099 So where are passengers flying with 886 00:34:28,100 --> 00:34:29,269 flight numbers? 887 00:34:29,270 --> 00:34:31,279 Booking class date. 888 00:34:32,690 --> 00:34:34,609 Terminal number destination. 889 00:34:37,760 --> 00:34:39,919 What were two means holding confirmed, 890 00:34:39,920 --> 00:34:41,509 which means their reservation is 891 00:34:41,510 --> 00:34:43,939 confirmed, so most of the 892 00:34:43,940 --> 00:34:46,069 usual normal reservations, if you 893 00:34:46,070 --> 00:34:48,619 have a seat, that's what it says, 894 00:34:48,620 --> 00:34:50,749 times of departure and and 895 00:34:50,750 --> 00:34:52,489 dates and your baggage allowance. 896 00:34:54,280 --> 00:34:56,169 And then there is a mandatory contact 897 00:34:56,170 --> 00:34:58,269 information sometimes is a 898 00:34:58,270 --> 00:35:00,729 passengers contact information sometimes 899 00:35:00,730 --> 00:35:02,859 is very useful for the airline to be able 900 00:35:02,860 --> 00:35:04,779 to talk to to call you on your mobile and 901 00:35:04,780 --> 00:35:06,999 ask if you are on 902 00:35:07,000 --> 00:35:09,099 your way to to to boarding or 903 00:35:09,100 --> 00:35:11,709 maybe somewhere else or 904 00:35:11,710 --> 00:35:13,299 sometimes just travel agencies put it 905 00:35:13,300 --> 00:35:14,739 inside of airline. 906 00:35:14,740 --> 00:35:17,019 Number six is the key 907 00:35:17,020 --> 00:35:19,359 element in the ticketing information. 908 00:35:19,360 --> 00:35:21,039 In this case, the ticket has not yet been 909 00:35:21,040 --> 00:35:22,870 issued and we are waiting to 910 00:35:24,040 --> 00:35:26,199 see if a passenger to to 911 00:35:26,200 --> 00:35:29,159 pay for the ticket. So, um, 912 00:35:31,180 --> 00:35:33,249 the first word on 913 00:35:33,250 --> 00:35:35,589 the line, like AP take 914 00:35:35,590 --> 00:35:36,590 SSR 915 00:35:37,660 --> 00:35:40,079 indicates type of record. 916 00:35:41,200 --> 00:35:43,389 It's really after a while, 917 00:35:43,390 --> 00:35:44,439 if you get used to it is really 918 00:35:44,440 --> 00:35:45,729 straightforward. 919 00:35:45,730 --> 00:35:48,999 SSR, these are special 920 00:35:49,000 --> 00:35:51,039 requirements. Records would describe 921 00:35:51,040 --> 00:35:53,349 anything, additional information 922 00:35:53,350 --> 00:35:55,449 about the passenger, which is interesting 923 00:35:55,450 --> 00:35:57,669 to know. So in this case, 924 00:35:57,670 --> 00:35:59,499 information means the passenger is a 925 00:35:59,500 --> 00:36:01,809 child, casualty's a universal 926 00:36:01,810 --> 00:36:03,909 code for for child excuse 927 00:36:03,910 --> 00:36:05,289 me, airline, which is flying with the 928 00:36:05,290 --> 00:36:07,429 Singapore Airlines case. 929 00:36:07,430 --> 00:36:09,279 It was information was confirmed from the 930 00:36:09,280 --> 00:36:12,159 airline date of birth of a child. 931 00:36:12,160 --> 00:36:14,409 And slash means 932 00:36:14,410 --> 00:36:16,989 it's a poor man's hero. 933 00:36:16,990 --> 00:36:18,969 Critical structure as free means. 934 00:36:18,970 --> 00:36:20,859 This information is attached to segment 935 00:36:20,860 --> 00:36:23,439 number of free services of a flight 936 00:36:23,440 --> 00:36:24,440 variable number of free. 937 00:36:25,860 --> 00:36:27,919 And PETA, which means it's attached to 938 00:36:27,920 --> 00:36:30,089 the passenger number two to 939 00:36:30,090 --> 00:36:31,229 Mr. John King, 940 00:36:33,450 --> 00:36:35,519 and the similar second role is the 941 00:36:35,520 --> 00:36:37,619 same for a for a for a 942 00:36:37,620 --> 00:36:40,079 return flight for segment for 943 00:36:40,080 --> 00:36:41,159 passenger two. 944 00:36:41,160 --> 00:36:43,349 So in those 945 00:36:43,350 --> 00:36:45,659 bugner, you can have some items 946 00:36:45,660 --> 00:36:48,329 associated with some passengers. 947 00:36:48,330 --> 00:36:49,589 For example, you're going to have two 948 00:36:49,590 --> 00:36:51,119 passengers flying together. 949 00:36:51,120 --> 00:36:53,520 But one of amnesia, Willshire assistance. 950 00:36:54,860 --> 00:36:57,649 Or one of them is child or religious 951 00:36:57,650 --> 00:36:59,899 and lines number nine to 10. 952 00:37:01,220 --> 00:37:02,989 It's something for people who are using 953 00:37:02,990 --> 00:37:06,529 Iasi or, uh, 954 00:37:06,530 --> 00:37:08,959 maybe familiar with bot 955 00:37:08,960 --> 00:37:11,059 entries. So reservation 956 00:37:11,060 --> 00:37:13,579 systems have lots of bots operating 957 00:37:13,580 --> 00:37:14,479 on them. 958 00:37:14,480 --> 00:37:16,429 And we put some interesting messages for 959 00:37:16,430 --> 00:37:18,269 travel agents and for airlines. 960 00:37:18,270 --> 00:37:19,580 Uh, this bot 961 00:37:20,660 --> 00:37:22,909 is looking all reservations 962 00:37:22,910 --> 00:37:24,260 without a ticket and is saying. 963 00:37:25,690 --> 00:37:26,690 Hello. 964 00:37:27,500 --> 00:37:29,569 We need to take it before state, 965 00:37:29,570 --> 00:37:30,769 otherwise this reservation would be 966 00:37:30,770 --> 00:37:31,770 canceled. 967 00:37:33,920 --> 00:37:35,719 So if you don't put a ticket number 968 00:37:35,720 --> 00:37:37,249 behind this reservation, it will be 969 00:37:37,250 --> 00:37:39,079 canceled. And those seats, which you have 970 00:37:39,080 --> 00:37:41,569 now confirmed, so you actually are 971 00:37:41,570 --> 00:37:44,479 blocking two seats will be 972 00:37:44,480 --> 00:37:45,480 will be released. 973 00:37:47,600 --> 00:37:49,819 Here are some examples of comments I've 974 00:37:49,820 --> 00:37:52,999 seen live, X 975 00:37:53,000 --> 00:37:55,909 is a so-called restricted comment or 976 00:37:55,910 --> 00:37:58,129 secret comment, which can be seen only 977 00:37:58,130 --> 00:37:59,939 by people who created this reservation. 978 00:38:00,950 --> 00:38:02,599 This information, please kindly assist 979 00:38:02,600 --> 00:38:05,029 packs to issue MCO for JFK 980 00:38:05,030 --> 00:38:06,689 flight no, blah, blah, blah. 981 00:38:06,690 --> 00:38:08,839 This means a passenger has paid 982 00:38:08,840 --> 00:38:11,179 for the upgrade to business class and 983 00:38:11,180 --> 00:38:12,879 appropriate document has to be issued. 984 00:38:12,880 --> 00:38:14,569 There is a whole telegraphic language 985 00:38:14,570 --> 00:38:17,059 used because 986 00:38:17,060 --> 00:38:20,029 of telexes I mentioned before 987 00:38:20,030 --> 00:38:21,289 are very costly. 988 00:38:21,290 --> 00:38:23,509 It's actually, in some cases, even 989 00:38:23,510 --> 00:38:25,879 every byte is being charged 990 00:38:25,880 --> 00:38:26,880 for transmission. 991 00:38:27,740 --> 00:38:30,019 So there's a whole system of of 992 00:38:30,020 --> 00:38:32,179 abbreviations and language, 993 00:38:32,180 --> 00:38:34,130 how to how to do that to make it short. 994 00:38:35,780 --> 00:38:37,399 Another example, a special service 995 00:38:37,400 --> 00:38:38,400 request. 996 00:38:39,110 --> 00:38:42,349 As CIJ serves as a Wilcher 997 00:38:42,350 --> 00:38:44,479 Askew HQ, one cannot walk long distance 998 00:38:44,480 --> 00:38:46,639 elderly service information of passenger 999 00:38:46,640 --> 00:38:47,719 needs, a wheelchair assistance, 1000 00:38:47,720 --> 00:38:49,849 factuality, three kinds of VAT. 1001 00:38:49,850 --> 00:38:52,459 And and 1002 00:38:52,460 --> 00:38:54,319 it is expected that somebody will pick 1003 00:38:54,320 --> 00:38:56,419 the passenger up and help them out for 1004 00:38:56,420 --> 00:38:58,609 him to talk to kids and also pick 1005 00:38:58,610 --> 00:39:00,799 them up on their on the airport 1006 00:39:00,800 --> 00:39:01,800 and offering for 1007 00:39:02,930 --> 00:39:04,879 comment is a check in common for Check-In 1008 00:39:04,880 --> 00:39:07,219 agents. But passenger is pregnant, 1009 00:39:07,220 --> 00:39:09,019 20 second week of pregnancy. 1010 00:39:09,020 --> 00:39:10,020 So. 1011 00:39:11,600 --> 00:39:13,669 This information is important 1012 00:39:13,670 --> 00:39:16,189 because of our limits, 1013 00:39:16,190 --> 00:39:18,319 if we're pregnant, how far along you 1014 00:39:18,320 --> 00:39:20,059 can fly? Sometimes I need the doctors. 1015 00:39:20,060 --> 00:39:22,159 Doctors are desperate, but 1016 00:39:22,160 --> 00:39:24,229 I just wanted to give an example 1017 00:39:24,230 --> 00:39:26,419 of something which is which 1018 00:39:26,420 --> 00:39:28,549 is certainly not necessarily meant 1019 00:39:28,550 --> 00:39:29,989 for public use. 1020 00:39:33,260 --> 00:39:34,429 Another item which 1021 00:39:36,140 --> 00:39:37,969 is related to terrorism discussions 1022 00:39:37,970 --> 00:39:39,979 regarding passenger of a plane are some 1023 00:39:39,980 --> 00:39:42,319 reservations is advanced passenger 1024 00:39:42,320 --> 00:39:43,320 information. 1025 00:39:43,990 --> 00:39:45,999 My first remark will be, but contrary to 1026 00:39:46,000 --> 00:39:48,339 what European Union says, 1027 00:39:48,340 --> 00:39:50,469 its advance passenger information, 1028 00:39:50,470 --> 00:39:51,999 so something which is provided in 1029 00:39:52,000 --> 00:39:54,939 advance, it's not advanced. 1030 00:39:54,940 --> 00:39:57,219 You will see lots of lots of sites 1031 00:39:57,220 --> 00:39:58,329 have make this error. 1032 00:40:00,190 --> 00:40:01,570 This is an innovation 1033 00:40:03,850 --> 00:40:05,919 related to of 1034 00:40:05,920 --> 00:40:08,229 visa, passport, immigration rules. 1035 00:40:08,230 --> 00:40:10,719 And airlines 1036 00:40:10,720 --> 00:40:12,279 have a possibility on sometimes a 1037 00:40:12,280 --> 00:40:15,159 requirement to put your passport 1038 00:40:15,160 --> 00:40:17,919 or visa information into the reservation 1039 00:40:17,920 --> 00:40:18,920 system. 1040 00:40:20,210 --> 00:40:22,859 To four five processing, 1041 00:40:22,860 --> 00:40:24,150 if a domestic 1042 00:40:25,170 --> 00:40:27,479 or within within within 1043 00:40:27,480 --> 00:40:29,369 European Union, for example, you might 1044 00:40:29,370 --> 00:40:31,019 not be required to do this. 1045 00:40:31,020 --> 00:40:33,099 Also some international flights, 1046 00:40:33,100 --> 00:40:34,859 airlines which don't do that. 1047 00:40:35,880 --> 00:40:37,949 But there around 30 countries 1048 00:40:37,950 --> 00:40:40,229 which require that countries 1049 00:40:40,230 --> 00:40:42,289 like Australia, New Zealand, 1050 00:40:42,290 --> 00:40:44,489 the United States of America, 1051 00:40:44,490 --> 00:40:46,859 of course, recently Myanmar 1052 00:40:46,860 --> 00:40:48,929 joint joined with this group in 1053 00:40:48,930 --> 00:40:51,209 November, um, this 1054 00:40:51,210 --> 00:40:52,210 year. 1055 00:40:53,820 --> 00:40:55,499 And sometimes misinformation is being 1056 00:40:55,500 --> 00:40:57,989 used to automatically verify 1057 00:40:57,990 --> 00:40:59,729 various electronic visas for many 1058 00:40:59,730 --> 00:41:02,369 countries. You can get Visa online. 1059 00:41:02,370 --> 00:41:04,559 It's just the record and airline 1060 00:41:04,560 --> 00:41:06,269 has a possibility to do online. 1061 00:41:06,270 --> 00:41:08,339 Quickly check if your 1062 00:41:08,340 --> 00:41:10,529 visa is valid and everything's fine to 1063 00:41:10,530 --> 00:41:12,119 do that, the airline has to put your 1064 00:41:12,120 --> 00:41:13,049 information first. 1065 00:41:13,050 --> 00:41:14,819 So if you see an agent swiping your 1066 00:41:14,820 --> 00:41:16,949 passport, sometimes twice, they 1067 00:41:16,950 --> 00:41:19,349 usually are putting putting false 1068 00:41:19,350 --> 00:41:20,759 information into the system. 1069 00:41:20,760 --> 00:41:22,949 Are the actual deals commands 1070 00:41:22,950 --> 00:41:25,529 to put the passport information 1071 00:41:25,530 --> 00:41:27,599 with a no date of issue and so on and 1072 00:41:27,600 --> 00:41:28,600 so on? 1073 00:41:29,070 --> 00:41:31,889 The visa information 1074 00:41:31,890 --> 00:41:34,799 and United States requires 1075 00:41:34,800 --> 00:41:36,899 providing an address where you 1076 00:41:36,900 --> 00:41:38,279 will be staying in the United States. 1077 00:41:38,280 --> 00:41:40,739 So there is also a facility 1078 00:41:40,740 --> 00:41:42,900 to do that in the reservation system. 1079 00:41:44,500 --> 00:41:46,659 So how what is 1080 00:41:46,660 --> 00:41:47,660 happening? 1081 00:41:48,510 --> 00:41:50,939 With force, with both passenger 1082 00:41:50,940 --> 00:41:51,940 data. 1083 00:41:54,440 --> 00:41:55,440 Varies. 1084 00:41:57,740 --> 00:42:00,379 There have been designed some kind of 1085 00:42:00,380 --> 00:42:02,869 messages format, so this is actually 1086 00:42:02,870 --> 00:42:04,729 something similar to what I've shown 1087 00:42:04,730 --> 00:42:07,219 before and 1088 00:42:07,220 --> 00:42:09,349 information about the passenger 1089 00:42:09,350 --> 00:42:11,779 is being transferred to the country 1090 00:42:11,780 --> 00:42:12,780 of a destination. 1091 00:42:14,510 --> 00:42:16,939 Uh, we have to 1092 00:42:16,940 --> 00:42:19,159 we have to show you 1093 00:42:19,160 --> 00:42:22,159 examples of that elastic 1094 00:42:22,160 --> 00:42:23,449 is a kind of simpler thing. 1095 00:42:23,450 --> 00:42:25,849 It's mainly used for 1096 00:42:25,850 --> 00:42:28,009 for visa purposes. 1097 00:42:28,010 --> 00:42:30,079 And Pinart government information 1098 00:42:30,080 --> 00:42:31,080 is like. 1099 00:42:33,130 --> 00:42:34,629 We need to know everything about a 1100 00:42:34,630 --> 00:42:37,119 passenger, actually 1101 00:42:37,120 --> 00:42:39,789 two models of apush model, so we are 1102 00:42:39,790 --> 00:42:41,859 supposed to deliver all 1103 00:42:41,860 --> 00:42:44,709 the passenger data at some certain point 1104 00:42:44,710 --> 00:42:47,169 before departure and usually 1105 00:42:47,170 --> 00:42:49,389 after departure of our aircraft. 1106 00:42:49,390 --> 00:42:50,440 And for simple model, 1107 00:42:51,610 --> 00:42:53,379 the government may sometimes ask the 1108 00:42:53,380 --> 00:42:56,229 airline automatically via the interface, 1109 00:42:56,230 --> 00:42:57,909 please give me more information about 1110 00:42:57,910 --> 00:42:59,190 passenger X that 1111 00:43:00,640 --> 00:43:03,099 airlines sometimes can also. 1112 00:43:04,550 --> 00:43:06,919 Online, send this information, 1113 00:43:06,920 --> 00:43:09,109 for example, if you do want to check if 1114 00:43:09,110 --> 00:43:10,549 you are online. 1115 00:43:10,550 --> 00:43:12,710 So here's an example of enlistee message. 1116 00:43:14,580 --> 00:43:16,289 Does anybody recognize performant? 1117 00:43:18,050 --> 00:43:19,159 Bingo. Very good. 1118 00:43:19,160 --> 00:43:21,049 This is an effect. 1119 00:43:21,050 --> 00:43:23,599 So for those who never heard, it's 1120 00:43:23,600 --> 00:43:26,299 standard related to electronic data 1121 00:43:26,300 --> 00:43:27,300 interchange. 1122 00:43:28,130 --> 00:43:30,679 So this is something which is an example 1123 00:43:30,680 --> 00:43:31,680 of the 90s. 1124 00:43:36,260 --> 00:43:38,449 You can see, well, it's 1125 00:43:38,450 --> 00:43:40,189 maybe difficult to explain the format, 1126 00:43:40,190 --> 00:43:42,499 but it's also 1127 00:43:42,500 --> 00:43:45,949 critical, so you can put items 1128 00:43:45,950 --> 00:43:48,109 and that sums up items into 1129 00:43:48,110 --> 00:43:49,549 it and this structure can be pretty 1130 00:43:49,550 --> 00:43:50,550 flexible. 1131 00:43:51,230 --> 00:43:53,359 So unbe un 1132 00:43:53,360 --> 00:43:55,489 ounsworth at the end of the headers, 1133 00:43:55,490 --> 00:43:57,469 so bizarre, the kind of envelope of a 1134 00:43:57,470 --> 00:43:58,470 whole message 1135 00:43:59,840 --> 00:44:02,509 under UN, HRC, the identification 1136 00:44:02,510 --> 00:44:04,339 of what kind of message is this? 1137 00:44:05,510 --> 00:44:07,759 And if you don't 1138 00:44:07,760 --> 00:44:10,039 look at classes and you don't look at 1139 00:44:10,040 --> 00:44:12,679 apostrophes and Collins, 1140 00:44:12,680 --> 00:44:14,749 it's kind of slowly starts 1141 00:44:14,750 --> 00:44:15,750 making sense. 1142 00:44:18,830 --> 00:44:21,139 This is now our well, maybe 1143 00:44:21,140 --> 00:44:23,179 not a new trend, but recently 1144 00:44:24,440 --> 00:44:26,230 there is an attempt for all airlines 1145 00:44:27,590 --> 00:44:29,929 switch from using plain 1146 00:44:29,930 --> 00:44:32,029 text telexes, which I showed 1147 00:44:32,030 --> 00:44:34,519 you before, to those kind of 1148 00:44:34,520 --> 00:44:35,520 messages. 1149 00:44:36,230 --> 00:44:38,359 Well, it's on there, but 1150 00:44:38,360 --> 00:44:40,519 to me, it's only a bit better than 1151 00:44:40,520 --> 00:44:41,540 ason that one. 1152 00:44:42,920 --> 00:44:45,079 It is passing this is 1153 00:44:45,080 --> 00:44:47,209 sometimes really, really horrible and 1154 00:44:47,210 --> 00:44:49,359 we can expect probably lots of 1155 00:44:49,360 --> 00:44:51,229 funny issues with that in the future. 1156 00:44:52,520 --> 00:44:54,259 So this is the message. 1157 00:44:54,260 --> 00:44:56,269 It's basically the most important 1158 00:44:56,270 --> 00:44:57,619 information is hidden in the middle of 1159 00:44:57,620 --> 00:44:59,869 it, the name of our passenger 1160 00:44:59,870 --> 00:45:01,870 and its address. 1161 00:45:03,930 --> 00:45:04,949 As 1162 00:45:06,060 --> 00:45:07,949 well, nationality somewhere else, you 1163 00:45:07,950 --> 00:45:10,529 have a country called us somewhere inside 1164 00:45:10,530 --> 00:45:12,449 a time of a message and so on and so on, 1165 00:45:12,450 --> 00:45:13,469 that's it's kind of. 1166 00:45:14,920 --> 00:45:17,290 It's kind of pretty, pretty easy. 1167 00:45:19,550 --> 00:45:21,609 I wanted to explain a bit some more 1168 00:45:21,610 --> 00:45:22,610 special case, 1169 00:45:23,680 --> 00:45:25,779 a bit special than all other countries 1170 00:45:25,780 --> 00:45:27,729 requiring some discretion is the 1171 00:45:27,730 --> 00:45:29,439 procedures requiring entering the United 1172 00:45:29,440 --> 00:45:30,440 States of America. 1173 00:45:31,730 --> 00:45:33,399 So we have a Department of Homeland 1174 00:45:33,400 --> 00:45:35,709 Security. You have to to deploy 1175 00:45:35,710 --> 00:45:37,929 to organizations, Transport Security 1176 00:45:37,930 --> 00:45:39,999 Administration, rather well known 1177 00:45:40,000 --> 00:45:42,369 for putting passengers, TSA 1178 00:45:42,370 --> 00:45:43,909 and Customs and Border Protection. 1179 00:45:43,910 --> 00:45:45,819 So which is the border police of United 1180 00:45:45,820 --> 00:45:47,949 States, they require similar 1181 00:45:47,950 --> 00:45:49,419 information to be delivered. 1182 00:45:50,500 --> 00:45:52,539 TSA called the secure flight. 1183 00:45:52,540 --> 00:45:55,149 This is required for all flights 1184 00:45:55,150 --> 00:45:57,279 in the US coming to the US, 1185 00:45:57,280 --> 00:45:59,319 departing from the US and also flying 1186 00:45:59,320 --> 00:46:00,400 over the United States. 1187 00:46:01,440 --> 00:46:03,509 Just if you don't live in land, you 1188 00:46:03,510 --> 00:46:05,189 need to submit this information to be 1189 00:46:05,190 --> 00:46:07,289 able to overfly, so they want 1190 00:46:07,290 --> 00:46:09,779 to check who's on the flight and if 1191 00:46:09,780 --> 00:46:12,119 some special name, some is 1192 00:46:12,120 --> 00:46:14,249 on the list, they may want may 1193 00:46:14,250 --> 00:46:16,139 want to deny you a possibility to to 1194 00:46:16,140 --> 00:46:17,140 arrive 1195 00:46:18,540 --> 00:46:19,540 one of. 1196 00:46:22,740 --> 00:46:24,929 Things of run do 1197 00:46:24,930 --> 00:46:26,969 not fly watch list, widely discussed 1198 00:46:26,970 --> 00:46:29,309 subject and 1199 00:46:29,310 --> 00:46:32,689 secondary screening process. 1200 00:46:32,690 --> 00:46:36,059 This is procedure while passenger 1201 00:46:36,060 --> 00:46:37,769 checks in and is informed. 1202 00:46:37,770 --> 00:46:40,109 Sorry, but the TSA has selected 1203 00:46:40,110 --> 00:46:41,189 you for secondary screening. 1204 00:46:41,190 --> 00:46:43,109 You have to go to this room. 1205 00:46:43,110 --> 00:46:45,779 There is a, for example, body scanner 1206 00:46:45,780 --> 00:46:47,939 or something like this, and you will be 1207 00:46:47,940 --> 00:46:49,469 asked some questions and you will be 1208 00:46:49,470 --> 00:46:51,589 additional. So if 1209 00:46:51,590 --> 00:46:53,849 you ask requires that this is all 1210 00:46:53,850 --> 00:46:56,009 done also prior to arrival, 1211 00:46:56,010 --> 00:46:57,389 prior to departure. 1212 00:46:57,390 --> 00:46:59,849 So you can see it happening in Germany 1213 00:46:59,850 --> 00:47:01,769 or in other countries where flights to 1214 00:47:01,770 --> 00:47:02,770 the United States 1215 00:47:03,990 --> 00:47:06,129 and other parts, which is 1216 00:47:06,130 --> 00:47:08,039 what sort of border protection is doing, 1217 00:47:08,040 --> 00:47:10,199 is requesting this API. 1218 00:47:10,200 --> 00:47:11,550 But passport information 1219 00:47:12,750 --> 00:47:14,849 and what we do fear 1220 00:47:14,850 --> 00:47:16,439 for countries which which are 1221 00:47:16,440 --> 00:47:18,389 participating in visa waiver program, for 1222 00:47:18,390 --> 00:47:19,589 example, Germany. 1223 00:47:21,580 --> 00:47:23,739 They do automated 1224 00:47:23,740 --> 00:47:26,259 HESTA processing salvors, 1225 00:47:26,260 --> 00:47:28,359 online visas, many visas which 1226 00:47:28,360 --> 00:47:30,309 you apply for the US if you have a German 1227 00:47:30,310 --> 00:47:31,689 passport. 1228 00:47:31,690 --> 00:47:34,299 So basically airline has a possibility 1229 00:47:34,300 --> 00:47:36,669 to online provided this information 1230 00:47:36,670 --> 00:47:38,949 to to to to the Department 1231 00:47:38,950 --> 00:47:40,359 of Homeland Security. 1232 00:47:40,360 --> 00:47:42,489 And it's getting response. 1233 00:47:42,490 --> 00:47:44,979 Asked a valid and not valid 1234 00:47:44,980 --> 00:47:47,259 or sometimes it was 1235 00:47:47,260 --> 00:47:48,519 valid, but has been denied. 1236 00:47:54,330 --> 00:47:56,679 One more lesser known feature 1237 00:47:56,680 --> 00:47:58,889 of this proceeding is 1238 00:47:58,890 --> 00:48:01,079 CBP advisory program, 1239 00:48:01,080 --> 00:48:03,179 and to quote the website, they 1240 00:48:03,180 --> 00:48:05,489 say, We deploy advisers in selected 1241 00:48:05,490 --> 00:48:07,589 overseas locations to provide 1242 00:48:07,590 --> 00:48:09,659 onsite training and technical 1243 00:48:09,660 --> 00:48:11,219 assistance to Foreign Customs 1244 00:48:11,220 --> 00:48:13,079 Administration of border control 1245 00:48:13,080 --> 00:48:14,129 agencies. 1246 00:48:14,130 --> 00:48:15,900 So these are actually American 1247 00:48:17,400 --> 00:48:19,920 employees being outside 1248 00:48:20,970 --> 00:48:22,869 and and. 1249 00:48:25,090 --> 00:48:27,399 How they work for you receive information 1250 00:48:27,400 --> 00:48:30,669 from from Department of Homeland Security 1251 00:48:30,670 --> 00:48:33,189 because they already have 1252 00:48:33,190 --> 00:48:35,769 information about passengers delivered 1253 00:48:35,770 --> 00:48:38,019 and they can approach 1254 00:48:38,020 --> 00:48:40,089 a passenger, ask him a 1255 00:48:40,090 --> 00:48:42,020 few questions or talk to airline. 1256 00:49:00,380 --> 00:49:02,609 Just by accident in August 1257 00:49:02,610 --> 00:49:04,849 this year, I found a 1258 00:49:04,850 --> 00:49:07,280 job advertisement for this position. 1259 00:49:08,450 --> 00:49:10,129 In Frankfurt, Germany, so they were 1260 00:49:10,130 --> 00:49:12,379 looking for four free agents, 1261 00:49:12,380 --> 00:49:14,809 so you need to have a serious screening, 1262 00:49:14,810 --> 00:49:15,859 a security clearance. 1263 00:49:18,180 --> 00:49:20,279 Here is a description of what BP is 1264 00:49:20,280 --> 00:49:21,280 doing. 1265 00:49:25,370 --> 00:49:26,900 And the description of a duty, 1266 00:49:27,920 --> 00:49:29,989 so you become a team of 1267 00:49:29,990 --> 00:49:31,909 homeland security professionals detecting 1268 00:49:31,910 --> 00:49:34,099 preventing terrorists and instruments 1269 00:49:34,100 --> 00:49:36,419 of terror from entering the United States 1270 00:49:36,420 --> 00:49:38,179 to up what assignments include. 1271 00:49:39,890 --> 00:49:42,229 Using current targeting and passenger 1272 00:49:42,230 --> 00:49:43,969 information to focus on high risk 1273 00:49:43,970 --> 00:49:46,099 passengers, make recommendations 1274 00:49:46,100 --> 00:49:48,019 to carriers and house to governments 1275 00:49:48,020 --> 00:49:49,819 regarding passengers who should not be 1276 00:49:49,820 --> 00:49:52,039 boarded or flights, this time 1277 00:49:52,040 --> 00:49:54,259 to the United States, dealing 1278 00:49:54,260 --> 00:49:55,759 with a highly sensitive situation 1279 00:49:55,760 --> 00:49:57,439 tactfully and diplomatically in order to 1280 00:49:57,440 --> 00:49:59,749 gain the cooperation of travelers 1281 00:49:59,750 --> 00:50:01,549 as airline carrier representatives and 1282 00:50:01,550 --> 00:50:03,139 foreign law enforcement personnel 1283 00:50:04,160 --> 00:50:05,989 serving as a subject matter expert and 1284 00:50:05,990 --> 00:50:07,999 advising, consulting CBP management and 1285 00:50:08,000 --> 00:50:09,349 host government officials and the 1286 00:50:09,350 --> 00:50:10,999 military requirements to enter the United 1287 00:50:11,000 --> 00:50:11,569 States. 1288 00:50:11,570 --> 00:50:14,299 But this is a kind of official who is 1289 00:50:14,300 --> 00:50:16,130 working in Frankfurt on the airport. 1290 00:50:19,020 --> 00:50:21,629 And he has just advisory 1291 00:50:21,630 --> 00:50:22,949 role to the. 1292 00:50:24,500 --> 00:50:26,719 Well, I don't imagine 1293 00:50:26,720 --> 00:50:28,939 an airline who wouldn't take advice 1294 00:50:28,940 --> 00:50:31,039 from such an officer, 1295 00:50:31,040 --> 00:50:33,169 somebody say, please do not barf 1296 00:50:35,000 --> 00:50:36,000 so. 1297 00:50:36,450 --> 00:50:37,679 And for the dessert 1298 00:50:39,120 --> 00:50:41,429 was an example of an arrogant message. 1299 00:50:42,450 --> 00:50:44,669 This is what is currently being discussed 1300 00:50:44,670 --> 00:50:46,889 in the United Europe European 1301 00:50:46,890 --> 00:50:48,919 Union regarding exchange of data with 1302 00:50:48,920 --> 00:50:51,089 with with with the United States 1303 00:50:51,090 --> 00:50:52,090 and Canada. 1304 00:50:53,520 --> 00:50:54,520 And this. 1305 00:50:57,040 --> 00:50:58,040 This record. 1306 00:50:59,040 --> 00:51:01,349 Contains everything 1307 00:51:01,350 --> 00:51:03,570 from the reservation. 1308 00:51:05,820 --> 00:51:07,709 Let me try to make it smaller, maybe. 1309 00:51:08,850 --> 00:51:10,019 Maybe a bit more small, 1310 00:51:11,310 --> 00:51:12,449 maybe a bit smaller. 1311 00:51:15,410 --> 00:51:18,649 Well, still didn't fit on screen, sorry, 1312 00:51:18,650 --> 00:51:20,779 so this includes not only the information 1313 00:51:20,780 --> 00:51:21,859 they have shown you, sometimes it's 1314 00:51:21,860 --> 00:51:23,359 pretty sensitive, not only additional 1315 00:51:23,360 --> 00:51:24,799 information, but information, 1316 00:51:24,800 --> 00:51:26,509 information, everything. 1317 00:51:26,510 --> 00:51:28,849 It also includes a complete history 1318 00:51:28,850 --> 00:51:30,499 of its record. 1319 00:51:30,500 --> 00:51:32,659 It includes all the comments and 1320 00:51:32,660 --> 00:51:34,279 what was written. Sometimes corporations 1321 00:51:34,280 --> 00:51:36,109 are putting really, really, really long 1322 00:51:36,110 --> 00:51:37,849 internal communications about trouble, 1323 00:51:39,500 --> 00:51:40,779 plus some checking information that 1324 00:51:40,780 --> 00:51:42,919 exceeds baggage and everything. 1325 00:51:42,920 --> 00:51:44,879 So this is actually what is now being 1326 00:51:44,880 --> 00:51:45,880 standardized. 1327 00:51:47,300 --> 00:51:49,249 And will be demanded from from from 1328 00:51:49,250 --> 00:51:51,769 countries in the European Union to 1329 00:51:51,770 --> 00:51:53,809 say, well, actually this exchange with us 1330 00:51:53,810 --> 00:51:54,909 is already functioning. 1331 00:51:54,910 --> 00:51:57,109 So so are not just only discussing 1332 00:51:57,110 --> 00:51:59,749 whether the scope is correct and so on. 1333 00:51:59,750 --> 00:52:01,369 What's interesting, most of the 1334 00:52:01,370 --> 00:52:03,469 specifications I spoke about 1335 00:52:03,470 --> 00:52:05,719 is for the 1336 00:52:05,720 --> 00:52:07,879 the commission is public and open 1337 00:52:07,880 --> 00:52:08,880 for implementation. 1338 00:52:10,190 --> 00:52:12,339 Most of Allen's stuff is not, but this is 1339 00:52:12,340 --> 00:52:14,449 so I think they are looking to 1340 00:52:14,450 --> 00:52:16,099 attract some open source developers in 1341 00:52:16,100 --> 00:52:17,100 this area, 1342 00:52:18,890 --> 00:52:21,409 so, so tough. 1343 00:52:21,410 --> 00:52:22,429 As a final note, 1344 00:52:23,960 --> 00:52:25,669 I just want to say something about 1345 00:52:25,670 --> 00:52:27,829 Fisher. What's what is now happening, 1346 00:52:27,830 --> 00:52:28,879 the systems. 1347 00:52:28,880 --> 00:52:31,129 So we are facing now migration 1348 00:52:31,130 --> 00:52:32,869 away from a simple text messaging. 1349 00:52:32,870 --> 00:52:35,509 So no longer simple email like think 1350 00:52:35,510 --> 00:52:37,219 it's going to be to be looked like as far 1351 00:52:37,220 --> 00:52:39,379 as horrible structured records which 1352 00:52:39,380 --> 00:52:40,380 have been served 1353 00:52:42,200 --> 00:52:44,449 was also a move away from 1354 00:52:44,450 --> 00:52:46,339 a peer-to-peer arrangement between 1355 00:52:46,340 --> 00:52:48,649 various airlines and Vav 1356 00:52:48,650 --> 00:52:50,869 that these two companies who try to 1357 00:52:50,870 --> 00:52:54,079 integrate their whole their whole 1358 00:52:54,080 --> 00:52:56,149 travel industry in like one or two 1359 00:52:56,150 --> 00:52:57,380 huge databases. 1360 00:52:59,040 --> 00:53:01,559 There is standardization of 1361 00:53:01,560 --> 00:53:03,959 government messages going on, 1362 00:53:03,960 --> 00:53:06,089 and you can we can 1363 00:53:06,090 --> 00:53:08,379 watch it online because all drafts 1364 00:53:08,380 --> 00:53:10,799 and specifications are public 1365 00:53:10,800 --> 00:53:12,929 and we are getting there with 1366 00:53:12,930 --> 00:53:14,219 new technology gadgets. 1367 00:53:14,220 --> 00:53:15,220 So recently, 1368 00:53:16,350 --> 00:53:18,689 things like tablets for flight crews 1369 00:53:18,690 --> 00:53:21,979 and automated biometric passport control. 1370 00:53:21,980 --> 00:53:23,369 These are things which are currently 1371 00:53:23,370 --> 00:53:24,869 deployed and this is all tightly 1372 00:53:24,870 --> 00:53:26,099 connected to the airline systems. 1373 00:53:27,180 --> 00:53:29,669 So there would be much more fun 1374 00:53:29,670 --> 00:53:31,199 and much more exploration to be done in 1375 00:53:31,200 --> 00:53:32,200 the future. 1376 00:53:33,060 --> 00:53:34,559 Well, however, things are going in a very 1377 00:53:34,560 --> 00:53:35,699 good direction. 1378 00:53:35,700 --> 00:53:38,189 It's I leave it up to you to decide. 1379 00:53:38,190 --> 00:53:40,169 So thank you for your patience with 1380 00:53:40,170 --> 00:53:41,170 everything to know now. 1381 00:53:48,340 --> 00:53:49,840 So I hope we still have some time 1382 00:53:50,950 --> 00:53:51,950 for questions. 1383 00:53:53,970 --> 00:53:55,469 If you do have a question, please be so 1384 00:53:55,470 --> 00:53:56,969 kind of line up and you have to six 1385 00:53:56,970 --> 00:53:58,050 microphones in the room. 1386 00:53:59,940 --> 00:54:02,009 It's do we have a question 1387 00:54:02,010 --> 00:54:03,269 from the Internet? 1388 00:54:03,270 --> 00:54:05,789 Yes, we have fliers asking. 1389 00:54:05,790 --> 00:54:07,979 You mentioned this as as 1390 00:54:07,980 --> 00:54:10,169 as escort four times the letters on 1391 00:54:10,170 --> 00:54:11,759 the boarding pass that stands for 1392 00:54:11,760 --> 00:54:14,819 enhanced security screening is required. 1393 00:54:14,820 --> 00:54:16,919 We does. To show up and who can 1394 00:54:16,920 --> 00:54:17,960 change the status. 1395 00:54:19,980 --> 00:54:23,189 So is enhanced security. 1396 00:54:23,190 --> 00:54:25,020 Secondary screening status is 1397 00:54:26,160 --> 00:54:29,039 first checking agency receives 1398 00:54:29,040 --> 00:54:31,259 that information when we check somebody 1399 00:54:31,260 --> 00:54:33,389 in. So before they print your 1400 00:54:33,390 --> 00:54:35,489 boarding pass, it has to 1401 00:54:35,490 --> 00:54:38,039 be should be printed or handwritten 1402 00:54:38,040 --> 00:54:40,169 on the boarding pass and it should 1403 00:54:40,170 --> 00:54:42,269 be clean, clean. It's clearly 1404 00:54:42,270 --> 00:54:43,739 stated to the passenger. 1405 00:54:43,740 --> 00:54:45,649 What's going on. 1406 00:54:45,650 --> 00:54:47,729 Uh, I remember was a story a few 1407 00:54:47,730 --> 00:54:49,619 years ago when somebody discovered that 1408 00:54:49,620 --> 00:54:51,929 they did scan the boarding pass. 1409 00:54:51,930 --> 00:54:54,119 They decoded the barcode 1410 00:54:54,120 --> 00:54:56,429 and this information was there 1411 00:54:56,430 --> 00:54:58,949 and it was marketed as a kind of security 1412 00:54:58,950 --> 00:54:59,950 risk. 1413 00:55:01,380 --> 00:55:03,929 It is not because this is actually 1414 00:55:03,930 --> 00:55:06,359 once it's decided, it's public. 1415 00:55:06,360 --> 00:55:08,519 And the only 1416 00:55:08,520 --> 00:55:11,429 thing you can do if you are too often 1417 00:55:11,430 --> 00:55:12,959 selected for the screening, you can 1418 00:55:12,960 --> 00:55:15,029 complain to DHS and 1419 00:55:15,030 --> 00:55:18,029 you will get a special, no unique 1420 00:55:18,030 --> 00:55:20,489 identifier of your person, 1421 00:55:20,490 --> 00:55:23,309 which you can provide in for reservations 1422 00:55:23,310 --> 00:55:25,530 to maybe 1423 00:55:27,690 --> 00:55:30,059 mitigate the risk of being selected 1424 00:55:30,060 --> 00:55:32,189 every time because of our passengers who 1425 00:55:32,190 --> 00:55:34,499 are being selected at random every 1426 00:55:34,500 --> 00:55:36,309 time for the screening. 1427 00:55:36,310 --> 00:55:38,339 I hope to answer yes. 1428 00:55:38,340 --> 00:55:39,599 Thank you. 1429 00:55:39,600 --> 00:55:41,639 If you do want to leave, please do that 1430 00:55:41,640 --> 00:55:43,709 more quietly yourself to people who 1431 00:55:43,710 --> 00:55:45,000 would like to listen to you on a 1432 00:55:46,410 --> 00:55:48,479 microphone, too. I think you lined up the 1433 00:55:48,480 --> 00:55:49,169 first post. 1434 00:55:49,170 --> 00:55:50,249 Yeah. 1435 00:55:50,250 --> 00:55:51,329 So often 1436 00:55:52,410 --> 00:55:54,929 when I'm changing carriers, I'll fly 1437 00:55:54,930 --> 00:55:57,569 like I'm based in San Francisco. 1438 00:55:57,570 --> 00:55:59,849 So usually I'll check 1439 00:55:59,850 --> 00:56:01,589 in and I'll get all my boarding passes 1440 00:56:01,590 --> 00:56:03,209 for a particular trip, which would be 1441 00:56:03,210 --> 00:56:05,369 like United to Sydney 1442 00:56:05,370 --> 00:56:07,019 and then Sydney to Auckland on Air New 1443 00:56:07,020 --> 00:56:09,509 Zealand or on land or 1444 00:56:09,510 --> 00:56:11,199 commonly another trip that I've done in 1445 00:56:11,200 --> 00:56:13,589 San Francisco to Washington, 1446 00:56:13,590 --> 00:56:15,689 to Munich and then Munich to three east. 1447 00:56:15,690 --> 00:56:17,039 And so I get like 1448 00:56:18,200 --> 00:56:20,279 a boarding pass of all United Stock for 1449 00:56:20,280 --> 00:56:22,649 the whole trip. But then I get there and 1450 00:56:22,650 --> 00:56:24,569 they're very insistent that I have to 1451 00:56:24,570 --> 00:56:26,729 change my 1452 00:56:26,730 --> 00:56:28,799 ticket. My remaining tickets go to 1453 00:56:28,800 --> 00:56:29,800 Lufthansa. 1454 00:56:30,810 --> 00:56:32,909 I was almost denied boarding Sydney to 1455 00:56:32,910 --> 00:56:34,979 Auckland because I 1456 00:56:34,980 --> 00:56:37,229 did not have my entire boarding 1457 00:56:37,230 --> 00:56:38,909 passes. All of them were not printed on 1458 00:56:38,910 --> 00:56:40,379 Air New Zealand stock. 1459 00:56:40,380 --> 00:56:41,909 So it's one thing if you could talk about 1460 00:56:41,910 --> 00:56:42,910 this. 1461 00:56:43,520 --> 00:56:46,089 Well, if it's something 1462 00:56:46,090 --> 00:56:47,689 like a marketing thing or they just want 1463 00:56:47,690 --> 00:56:49,789 to see it on their stock, that's one 1464 00:56:49,790 --> 00:56:50,419 thing I understand. 1465 00:56:50,420 --> 00:56:51,499 But it seems like there is something 1466 00:56:51,500 --> 00:56:53,719 deeper because this is across like, 1467 00:56:53,720 --> 00:56:56,029 you know, at least most of the carriers 1468 00:56:56,030 --> 00:56:57,030 and Star Alliance. 1469 00:56:58,160 --> 00:56:59,599 This is actually very strange to me 1470 00:56:59,600 --> 00:57:01,849 because first boarding passes 1471 00:57:01,850 --> 00:57:03,199 are kind of standardized, even if a 1472 00:57:03,200 --> 00:57:05,539 barcode on it is standardized. 1473 00:57:05,540 --> 00:57:07,609 So, for 1474 00:57:07,610 --> 00:57:09,949 example, says issuing one 1475 00:57:09,950 --> 00:57:12,439 boarding pass for free segments. 1476 00:57:12,440 --> 00:57:14,269 So if we just save paper and if I give 1477 00:57:14,270 --> 00:57:16,369 you one piece of paper for onward 1478 00:57:16,370 --> 00:57:18,649 flights, so 1479 00:57:18,650 --> 00:57:21,139 for reasons which agents sometimes 1480 00:57:21,140 --> 00:57:24,109 exchange, boarding passes are 1481 00:57:24,110 --> 00:57:26,119 well, sometimes it's allergies because 1482 00:57:26,120 --> 00:57:27,589 it's more information if you're for the 1483 00:57:27,590 --> 00:57:28,590 airline as well, 1484 00:57:29,690 --> 00:57:31,609 like your frequent phone number is fair 1485 00:57:31,610 --> 00:57:33,169 or maybe some additional information 1486 00:57:33,170 --> 00:57:34,490 which they want to show you is fair. 1487 00:57:35,600 --> 00:57:37,399 So sometimes they do it to provide more 1488 00:57:37,400 --> 00:57:39,019 information. But I don't think it's your 1489 00:57:39,020 --> 00:57:41,149 case right now here. 1490 00:57:41,150 --> 00:57:43,429 And sometimes you 1491 00:57:43,430 --> 00:57:45,619 are unfortunately required 1492 00:57:45,620 --> 00:57:47,749 to provide some additional information 1493 00:57:47,750 --> 00:57:49,939 at the checking desk, even though you've 1494 00:57:49,940 --> 00:57:52,099 been checked in already two days ago with 1495 00:57:52,100 --> 00:57:53,359 some other carrier. 1496 00:57:53,360 --> 00:57:55,579 But some of your information, mostly with 1497 00:57:55,580 --> 00:57:57,229 passport information I talked about, is 1498 00:57:57,230 --> 00:57:58,159 missing. 1499 00:57:58,160 --> 00:57:59,479 So passengers are surprised. 1500 00:57:59,480 --> 00:58:01,189 They've got a whole stack of boarding 1501 00:58:01,190 --> 00:58:03,269 passes. But we are still being paged to 1502 00:58:03,270 --> 00:58:05,269 to to to to to do something. 1503 00:58:05,270 --> 00:58:06,649 And something strange is being done to 1504 00:58:06,650 --> 00:58:09,229 them. But actually, apart 1505 00:58:09,230 --> 00:58:11,809 from changing a seat or 1506 00:58:11,810 --> 00:58:13,609 wanting to provide you more information 1507 00:58:13,610 --> 00:58:15,739 on the boarding pass, like 1508 00:58:15,740 --> 00:58:18,049 new boarding time or new gate 1509 00:58:18,050 --> 00:58:20,329 or something like this, it shouldn't 1510 00:58:20,330 --> 00:58:21,330 really happen. 1511 00:58:21,950 --> 00:58:24,049 This is this is across like this 1512 00:58:24,050 --> 00:58:25,309 is across. 1513 00:58:25,310 --> 00:58:27,019 Yeah. This is this is nothing to do with 1514 00:58:27,020 --> 00:58:28,819 like I didn't decide to upgrade the last 1515 00:58:28,820 --> 00:58:29,719 minute. 1516 00:58:29,720 --> 00:58:32,029 I didn't change my passport 1517 00:58:32,030 --> 00:58:33,249 number or anything like that. 1518 00:58:33,250 --> 00:58:34,879 It's just you get to the gate and they're 1519 00:58:34,880 --> 00:58:37,009 like, oh, you do not have this on 1520 00:58:37,010 --> 00:58:39,229 Lufthansa. I'm sorry, you have to go 1521 00:58:39,230 --> 00:58:40,999 back out to check in, exit through 1522 00:58:41,000 --> 00:58:42,529 security. Oh, and the flight's leaving in 1523 00:58:42,530 --> 00:58:43,789 fifteen minutes. 1524 00:58:43,790 --> 00:58:45,919 Yeah. I mean those interfaces 1525 00:58:45,920 --> 00:58:47,689 because airlines have universalis 1526 00:58:47,690 --> 00:58:49,429 interfaces to exchange Europeana 1527 00:58:49,430 --> 00:58:51,649 information and those interfaces, just 1528 00:58:51,650 --> 00:58:54,019 like everybody knows in the networking, 1529 00:58:54,020 --> 00:58:55,459 are not perfect. 1530 00:58:55,460 --> 00:58:57,529 So sometimes I see lots of 1531 00:58:57,530 --> 00:58:59,869 input errors like fat free passengers 1532 00:58:59,870 --> 00:59:01,729 traveling together from the same airport 1533 00:59:01,730 --> 00:59:03,949 and one of them by 1534 00:59:03,950 --> 00:59:05,809 get some information missing. 1535 00:59:05,810 --> 00:59:07,369 Sometimes one letter is wrong with 1536 00:59:07,370 --> 00:59:08,449 something. Checksum was wrong. 1537 00:59:08,450 --> 00:59:10,249 I don't know. But but there are lots of 1538 00:59:10,250 --> 00:59:12,589 lots of interoperability issues 1539 00:59:12,590 --> 00:59:15,229 and well, agents have no choice 1540 00:59:15,230 --> 00:59:17,869 just to about to to harass you and 1541 00:59:17,870 --> 00:59:18,409 to request that. 1542 00:59:18,410 --> 00:59:20,469 OK, so it's a mystery to you, too. 1543 00:59:20,470 --> 00:59:21,470 Jeffrey, thanks. Thanks. 1544 00:59:22,700 --> 00:59:24,319 Thanks for the Q&A. Will you still be 1545 00:59:24,320 --> 00:59:26,449 around for further questions as well? 1546 00:59:26,450 --> 00:59:27,650 Running a little out of time here 1547 00:59:28,800 --> 00:59:31,009 and then give them 1548 00:59:31,010 --> 00:59:33,199 some polls for giving the talk 1549 00:59:33,200 --> 00:59:34,310 and being a you. 1550 00:59:39,590 --> 00:59:40,590 Thank you very much.