0 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:30,000 Dear viewer, these subtitles were generated by a machine via the service Trint and therefore are (very) buggy. If you are capable, please help us to create good quality subtitles: https://c3subtitles.de/talk/499 Thanks! 1 00:00:09,540 --> 00:00:10,540 Welcome, everybody. 2 00:00:12,330 --> 00:00:14,429 Imagine you're a student and 3 00:00:14,430 --> 00:00:16,229 you've spent the better part of the last 4 00:00:16,230 --> 00:00:18,179 two semesters building your aerospace 5 00:00:18,180 --> 00:00:19,529 project. 6 00:00:19,530 --> 00:00:21,539 Now you're quite fed up with it and you 7 00:00:21,540 --> 00:00:23,909 need a way to get it away from you 8 00:00:23,910 --> 00:00:26,969 as quick as possible as far as possible. 9 00:00:26,970 --> 00:00:29,099 What better than using a balloon or 10 00:00:29,100 --> 00:00:30,449 even a rocket? 11 00:00:30,450 --> 00:00:32,069 Exactly. For this, there is rexes in 12 00:00:32,070 --> 00:00:33,239 Texas. 13 00:00:33,240 --> 00:00:35,639 And if you're wondering 14 00:00:35,640 --> 00:00:37,709 who is crazy enough to travel 15 00:00:37,710 --> 00:00:39,749 to the high north, freezing their fingers 16 00:00:39,750 --> 00:00:42,149 off, setting it all up, well, 17 00:00:42,150 --> 00:00:43,620 just talk to Pentagon Sayf. 18 00:00:44,820 --> 00:00:46,439 And give them a warm round of applause. 19 00:00:55,230 --> 00:00:57,539 So welcome to our talk on the Texas 20 00:00:57,540 --> 00:00:59,819 and Texas Project, which is 21 00:00:59,820 --> 00:01:02,279 one way to get your student experiments 22 00:01:02,280 --> 00:01:04,378 into space, or if you're a teacher, you 23 00:01:04,379 --> 00:01:06,509 can propose 24 00:01:06,510 --> 00:01:08,159 a topic for your students to do so. 25 00:01:09,330 --> 00:01:12,179 We both are simple 26 00:01:12,180 --> 00:01:14,609 students from Yena and Munich, 27 00:01:14,610 --> 00:01:17,049 and we are not talking in the name of the 28 00:01:17,050 --> 00:01:19,559 Texas program or the organizers. 29 00:01:19,560 --> 00:01:21,569 We just share our insights as 30 00:01:21,570 --> 00:01:22,879 participants in the program. 31 00:01:24,240 --> 00:01:26,609 So basically, Texas and Texas 32 00:01:26,610 --> 00:01:28,829 is your flight ticket into 33 00:01:28,830 --> 00:01:30,840 space for an experiment that you designed 34 00:01:32,340 --> 00:01:33,239 the program. 35 00:01:33,240 --> 00:01:35,129 Texas and Texas has realized under a 36 00:01:35,130 --> 00:01:37,109 bilateral agency agreement between the 37 00:01:37,110 --> 00:01:39,389 German Aerospace Center 38 00:01:39,390 --> 00:01:42,329 DLR and the Swedish National Spaceport 39 00:01:42,330 --> 00:01:45,479 SNB, which is some of the counterpart, 40 00:01:45,480 --> 00:01:47,410 the Swedish of the German dialog. 41 00:01:49,060 --> 00:01:51,359 Furthermore, the Swedish share 42 00:01:51,360 --> 00:01:53,189 of the payload has been made accessible 43 00:01:53,190 --> 00:01:55,439 to teams from ESA. 44 00:01:55,440 --> 00:01:57,659 And also 45 00:01:57,660 --> 00:01:59,909 there are a lot of organizations involved 46 00:01:59,910 --> 00:02:02,579 in this project that 47 00:02:02,580 --> 00:02:04,439 support the teams and the design and 48 00:02:04,440 --> 00:02:06,330 development of their experiments. 49 00:02:08,530 --> 00:02:10,689 So first for 50 00:02:10,690 --> 00:02:12,579 the Texas Rexall stands for rocket 51 00:02:12,580 --> 00:02:14,829 experiments for university students, 52 00:02:14,830 --> 00:02:18,249 and it's basically a cheap launch system 53 00:02:18,250 --> 00:02:20,739 with two launches per year. 54 00:02:20,740 --> 00:02:23,559 These are formally of these 55 00:02:23,560 --> 00:02:25,899 rocket motors are formerly 56 00:02:25,900 --> 00:02:28,479 military rockets, surface to air rockets 57 00:02:29,830 --> 00:02:32,229 that are repurposed to 58 00:02:34,240 --> 00:02:36,339 lift the scientific payload 59 00:02:36,340 --> 00:02:38,199 instead of warheads. 60 00:02:38,200 --> 00:02:40,359 Basically, we can use these rockets, 61 00:02:40,360 --> 00:02:42,789 can carry up to five experiments 62 00:02:42,790 --> 00:02:45,129 and they are unguided rockets. 63 00:02:45,130 --> 00:02:46,930 So there's no active 64 00:02:47,950 --> 00:02:50,709 vector control, for example, 65 00:02:50,710 --> 00:02:52,899 and they are simply spin stabilized. 66 00:02:54,140 --> 00:02:56,389 And the scientific payload is about 30 67 00:02:56,390 --> 00:02:58,009 kilograms, so 68 00:02:59,120 --> 00:03:01,009 as you can see, there are several modules 69 00:03:01,010 --> 00:03:02,570 there and 70 00:03:03,860 --> 00:03:06,499 basically normally there are four 71 00:03:06,500 --> 00:03:08,689 modules as these as 72 00:03:08,690 --> 00:03:10,969 these ring modules and there may 73 00:03:10,970 --> 00:03:13,669 be one behind 74 00:03:13,670 --> 00:03:15,199 or below the nosecone. 75 00:03:18,780 --> 00:03:21,449 Then there are Texas, Texas experiments 76 00:03:21,450 --> 00:03:22,450 are 77 00:03:23,850 --> 00:03:25,259 simply balloon experiments. 78 00:03:25,260 --> 00:03:27,479 Atmospheric research balloons, 79 00:03:27,480 --> 00:03:29,219 you have a gondola where you can put your 80 00:03:29,220 --> 00:03:30,299 experiments inside. 81 00:03:30,300 --> 00:03:31,949 These are up to six experiments per 82 00:03:31,950 --> 00:03:34,349 balloon and 83 00:03:34,350 --> 00:03:35,799 the. 84 00:03:35,800 --> 00:03:38,349 Plastic balloon is just 85 00:03:38,350 --> 00:03:40,449 filled with helium and then goes 86 00:03:40,450 --> 00:03:42,549 up to about 35 87 00:03:42,550 --> 00:03:43,550 kilometers and eight. 88 00:03:45,190 --> 00:03:47,349 And you have still communication 89 00:03:47,350 --> 00:03:49,149 during the flight with your experiments. 90 00:03:51,510 --> 00:03:53,999 So all these launches take place 91 00:03:54,000 --> 00:03:56,699 from Kiruna Space Center in 92 00:03:56,700 --> 00:03:58,529 northern Sweden, near a town called 93 00:03:58,530 --> 00:04:00,839 Kiruna, just 94 00:04:00,840 --> 00:04:02,549 then you have a rough estimate. 95 00:04:02,550 --> 00:04:03,479 Well, it is. 96 00:04:03,480 --> 00:04:05,489 So if you go there in summer, it looks 97 00:04:05,490 --> 00:04:06,490 like this. 98 00:04:08,930 --> 00:04:11,029 Basically, that's also one of 99 00:04:11,030 --> 00:04:13,219 the reasons to have the space center 100 00:04:13,220 --> 00:04:15,889 there, there's a lot of nothing. 101 00:04:15,890 --> 00:04:18,379 So if the payload and the mortars 102 00:04:18,380 --> 00:04:21,349 fall back to ground, no one is hurt. 103 00:04:21,350 --> 00:04:23,869 And so it is a safe place to be. 104 00:04:23,870 --> 00:04:26,299 You also see in the foreground this 105 00:04:27,320 --> 00:04:29,959 big pad, the balloon pad, 106 00:04:29,960 --> 00:04:32,539 that's where the balloons are launched. 107 00:04:32,540 --> 00:04:35,029 And in the background where you have 108 00:04:35,030 --> 00:04:36,619 you are basically in the center of the 109 00:04:36,620 --> 00:04:38,809 image of the rocket 110 00:04:38,810 --> 00:04:40,129 launch pad. 111 00:04:40,130 --> 00:04:42,349 And there are multiple launches 112 00:04:42,350 --> 00:04:44,449 there for different rocket types. 113 00:04:47,020 --> 00:04:48,639 Because they are of course, they are not 114 00:04:48,640 --> 00:04:50,769 only this rocket launch launch there, 115 00:04:50,770 --> 00:04:53,069 but also other technology experiments. 116 00:04:55,210 --> 00:04:57,369 So how about all the organizations 117 00:04:57,370 --> 00:04:58,370 involved? So 118 00:04:59,710 --> 00:05:02,109 this table shows somehow 119 00:05:02,110 --> 00:05:04,119 a rough estimate of how these 120 00:05:04,120 --> 00:05:05,589 organizations work together. 121 00:05:06,790 --> 00:05:09,189 They make bridge the borders 122 00:05:09,190 --> 00:05:11,259 to other services. 123 00:05:11,260 --> 00:05:13,479 So basically from from 124 00:05:13,480 --> 00:05:16,599 the beginning on this, the deal our 125 00:05:16,600 --> 00:05:18,639 space administration involved and as an 126 00:05:18,640 --> 00:05:21,099 MP involved, as basically a financial. 127 00:05:24,030 --> 00:05:26,459 Yeah, or providing the 128 00:05:26,460 --> 00:05:28,589 financial capital 129 00:05:28,590 --> 00:05:30,659 to just 130 00:05:30,660 --> 00:05:32,729 conduct the experiments and the flights 131 00:05:32,730 --> 00:05:35,129 and costs for travel 132 00:05:35,130 --> 00:05:36,130 and so on. 133 00:05:36,650 --> 00:05:38,749 So and 134 00:05:38,750 --> 00:05:40,869 also in this case also is 135 00:05:40,870 --> 00:05:43,009 of the Swedish where they are 136 00:05:43,010 --> 00:05:45,169 all involved in the project 137 00:05:45,170 --> 00:05:47,419 management, so they basically lay out how 138 00:05:47,420 --> 00:05:49,129 the the project 139 00:05:50,600 --> 00:05:52,999 faces are, which dates 140 00:05:53,000 --> 00:05:54,019 to use and so on. 141 00:05:55,490 --> 00:05:57,559 Then there comes a subcontractor, which 142 00:05:57,560 --> 00:05:59,289 is sort of which is the center of applied 143 00:05:59,290 --> 00:06:01,889 space technology in microgravity 144 00:06:01,890 --> 00:06:02,890 environment. 145 00:06:03,830 --> 00:06:06,109 They have a drop tower facility 146 00:06:06,110 --> 00:06:09,139 where you can do microgravity 147 00:06:09,140 --> 00:06:10,429 experiments. 148 00:06:10,430 --> 00:06:12,619 And they are also involved in the 149 00:06:12,620 --> 00:06:14,719 Texas and Texas program here. 150 00:06:14,720 --> 00:06:17,179 They basically are then 151 00:06:17,180 --> 00:06:19,279 advising all the teams throughout the 152 00:06:19,280 --> 00:06:20,280 project. 153 00:06:21,010 --> 00:06:23,229 And are the direct 154 00:06:24,280 --> 00:06:25,719 partners to talk to if there are 155 00:06:25,720 --> 00:06:26,720 problems. 156 00:06:27,620 --> 00:06:29,539 The other organizations are, of course, 157 00:06:29,540 --> 00:06:31,399 visible, so they are involved, for 158 00:06:31,400 --> 00:06:34,099 example, in the decision process, which 159 00:06:34,100 --> 00:06:36,469 experiments should be selected, 160 00:06:36,470 --> 00:06:38,749 but they are not directly involved 161 00:06:38,750 --> 00:06:41,089 usually in the 162 00:06:41,090 --> 00:06:42,499 design of the experiments. 163 00:06:43,670 --> 00:06:45,639 Then there still our Muradova, which is 164 00:06:45,640 --> 00:06:47,889 another part of are namely 165 00:06:47,890 --> 00:06:49,989 the mobile rocket base, they 166 00:06:49,990 --> 00:06:52,059 are responsible for doing the launch 167 00:06:52,060 --> 00:06:54,279 together with SASE, the Swedish Space 168 00:06:54,280 --> 00:06:56,769 Corporation, SASE owns 169 00:06:56,770 --> 00:06:58,449 S range, for example. 170 00:06:58,450 --> 00:07:01,059 So they are providing 171 00:07:01,060 --> 00:07:03,579 all the necessary 172 00:07:03,580 --> 00:07:05,679 infrastructure for the launch, the 173 00:07:05,680 --> 00:07:08,409 launch itself and the rocket motors 174 00:07:08,410 --> 00:07:09,410 and so on. 175 00:07:12,450 --> 00:07:14,009 So there are a couple of phases of the 176 00:07:14,010 --> 00:07:15,479 project, as I already mentioned. 177 00:07:15,480 --> 00:07:17,909 So first of all, the first step is 178 00:07:17,910 --> 00:07:18,899 the selection workshops. 179 00:07:18,900 --> 00:07:21,209 So you submitted a proposal to 180 00:07:21,210 --> 00:07:23,369 the Texas and Texas committee 181 00:07:23,370 --> 00:07:26,339 and they decide 182 00:07:26,340 --> 00:07:28,169 whether it looks interesting what you are 183 00:07:28,170 --> 00:07:31,379 doing, whether it looks feasible 184 00:07:31,380 --> 00:07:33,449 with given time 185 00:07:33,450 --> 00:07:35,549 constraints or financial constraints. 186 00:07:36,790 --> 00:07:38,709 And if the experiment gets selected, 187 00:07:38,710 --> 00:07:40,839 there are several 188 00:07:40,840 --> 00:07:43,089 design reviews or reviews, 189 00:07:43,090 --> 00:07:45,369 these are usually at the end 190 00:07:45,370 --> 00:07:47,529 to or at the end of one 191 00:07:47,530 --> 00:07:49,419 part of the project to fulfill one 192 00:07:49,420 --> 00:07:50,679 milestone. 193 00:07:50,680 --> 00:07:51,680 And they are 194 00:07:53,290 --> 00:07:55,959 going with increasing granularity 195 00:07:55,960 --> 00:07:58,629 on just the details 196 00:07:58,630 --> 00:07:59,949 as your project evolves. 197 00:08:01,520 --> 00:08:03,619 So, for example, at the preliminary 198 00:08:03,620 --> 00:08:05,929 design review, they are usually just 199 00:08:05,930 --> 00:08:07,549 the rough plan still, 200 00:08:09,470 --> 00:08:11,509 but not the final project yet and nothing 201 00:08:11,510 --> 00:08:13,100 tested yet, so to say. 202 00:08:14,650 --> 00:08:15,880 And so this 203 00:08:16,900 --> 00:08:19,869 just goes on until the bench test, 204 00:08:19,870 --> 00:08:21,999 for example, which is one 205 00:08:22,000 --> 00:08:23,679 of the tests where all the experiments 206 00:08:23,680 --> 00:08:25,870 are connected together and 207 00:08:27,130 --> 00:08:28,899 it's basically just some 208 00:08:30,190 --> 00:08:31,839 a couple of months before the launch 209 00:08:31,840 --> 00:08:32,840 campaign. 210 00:08:35,620 --> 00:08:38,469 So I was involved in the experiment 211 00:08:38,470 --> 00:08:41,469 we did fiber optic vibration sensing 212 00:08:41,470 --> 00:08:43,839 on board such a rocket, 213 00:08:43,840 --> 00:08:45,669 which was Rexes 15, 214 00:08:46,840 --> 00:08:49,689 which was also last year in summer, 215 00:08:49,690 --> 00:08:52,329 we were a bunch of students from 216 00:08:52,330 --> 00:08:54,789 the city of Munich. 217 00:08:54,790 --> 00:08:56,859 And basically 218 00:08:56,860 --> 00:08:59,219 the core team were six people, one 219 00:08:59,220 --> 00:09:01,599 of these students for ordinary 220 00:09:01,600 --> 00:09:03,279 undergraduate students and one PUCA. 221 00:09:05,640 --> 00:09:07,739 So the experiment involved 222 00:09:07,740 --> 00:09:09,929 some some laser optics 223 00:09:09,930 --> 00:09:11,879 or lasers and fiber optics, I could 224 00:09:11,880 --> 00:09:14,699 design software had to be written 225 00:09:14,700 --> 00:09:16,669 and so on. 226 00:09:16,670 --> 00:09:17,670 So. 227 00:09:20,050 --> 00:09:21,279 What did we want to do? 228 00:09:21,280 --> 00:09:23,889 So basically we used 229 00:09:23,890 --> 00:09:26,439 fiber optic sensors to vibration 230 00:09:26,440 --> 00:09:28,809 sensing and embrace and sensing means 231 00:09:28,810 --> 00:09:30,999 effectively measuring acceleration. 232 00:09:31,000 --> 00:09:32,769 So how can you use a fiber to measure 233 00:09:32,770 --> 00:09:35,079 something? One of these possibilities 234 00:09:35,080 --> 00:09:36,499 is a so-called fiber brake. 235 00:09:36,500 --> 00:09:38,739 Creating a fiber optic writing 236 00:09:38,740 --> 00:09:40,929 is in principle, a normal 237 00:09:40,930 --> 00:09:41,979 fiber. 238 00:09:41,980 --> 00:09:44,079 But what's the difference that it does 239 00:09:44,080 --> 00:09:46,299 not transmit all light from 240 00:09:46,300 --> 00:09:48,579 one end to the other, but it has 241 00:09:48,580 --> 00:09:51,009 an inscribed periodic change 242 00:09:51,010 --> 00:09:53,379 of the refractive index so 243 00:09:53,380 --> 00:09:55,839 that you can see with these these 244 00:09:55,840 --> 00:09:57,880 dishes inside the fiber. 245 00:09:59,800 --> 00:10:01,270 This basically 246 00:10:02,380 --> 00:10:04,509 make the fiber behave in a way that 247 00:10:04,510 --> 00:10:06,759 one specific wavelength 248 00:10:06,760 --> 00:10:08,979 that we call the brake wavelength 249 00:10:08,980 --> 00:10:11,589 is reflected to the input side. 250 00:10:11,590 --> 00:10:13,629 And of course, on the transmission side, 251 00:10:13,630 --> 00:10:15,120 you see an absorption line. 252 00:10:16,180 --> 00:10:18,339 So that alone would not 253 00:10:18,340 --> 00:10:19,690 allow us to measure anything. 254 00:10:21,400 --> 00:10:23,589 But this bright way 255 00:10:23,590 --> 00:10:25,659 of life depends on the temperature, for 256 00:10:25,660 --> 00:10:27,429 example. So if we increase the 257 00:10:27,430 --> 00:10:29,499 temperature by one Kelvin, we see a shift 258 00:10:29,500 --> 00:10:32,409 in the peak wavelength of this 259 00:10:32,410 --> 00:10:34,509 bright wavelength by 260 00:10:34,510 --> 00:10:35,889 10 kilometers. 261 00:10:35,890 --> 00:10:37,959 And the same way if you take a one meter 262 00:10:37,960 --> 00:10:40,059 long fiber and 263 00:10:40,060 --> 00:10:42,279 expand it to 264 00:10:42,280 --> 00:10:44,139 buy one micrometer, you'll see also a 265 00:10:44,140 --> 00:10:46,779 shift in one meter of the wavelength. 266 00:10:46,780 --> 00:10:48,939 So this way we can, for example, attach a 267 00:10:48,940 --> 00:10:51,009 seismic mast to the fiber. 268 00:10:51,010 --> 00:10:53,109 And if force acts on the 269 00:10:53,110 --> 00:10:55,959 mass, we see an extension of the fiber. 270 00:10:55,960 --> 00:10:59,079 So the 271 00:10:59,080 --> 00:11:00,909 we see a shift in the wavelength. 272 00:11:00,910 --> 00:11:02,529 And if we follow the shift in the way of 273 00:11:02,530 --> 00:11:04,719 life, we can calculate the 274 00:11:04,720 --> 00:11:06,369 acceleration on this mass. 275 00:11:08,010 --> 00:11:09,839 So what are the benefits of this 276 00:11:09,840 --> 00:11:12,059 technology in first place? 277 00:11:12,060 --> 00:11:14,159 So, first of all, this allowed to build 278 00:11:14,160 --> 00:11:16,409 quite lightweight and the systems, 279 00:11:16,410 --> 00:11:17,849 if you compare that, for example, to 280 00:11:17,850 --> 00:11:19,389 normal resistive strain. 281 00:11:19,390 --> 00:11:21,809 GODUS We don't need isolation 282 00:11:21,810 --> 00:11:23,579 on the cables because this is just a 283 00:11:23,580 --> 00:11:26,609 fiber and we don't have any interference 284 00:11:26,610 --> 00:11:29,069 or electromagnetic compatibility 285 00:11:29,070 --> 00:11:30,929 issues with other 286 00:11:32,490 --> 00:11:34,439 other electronics around. 287 00:11:34,440 --> 00:11:36,709 Also, there are no spiric, 288 00:11:36,710 --> 00:11:38,699 so we can place it quite close to 289 00:11:38,700 --> 00:11:40,919 propellants, for example, or we could put 290 00:11:40,920 --> 00:11:42,749 off that. We could think of a fiber that 291 00:11:42,750 --> 00:11:45,239 we just put on the complete rocket 292 00:11:45,240 --> 00:11:47,279 and have also multiple sensors inside 293 00:11:47,280 --> 00:11:48,280 this fiber. 294 00:11:49,110 --> 00:11:51,479 And we don't get any issues 295 00:11:51,480 --> 00:11:53,279 with the the present 296 00:11:54,990 --> 00:11:56,399 parts that are around this. 297 00:11:58,920 --> 00:11:59,920 So. 298 00:12:00,710 --> 00:12:02,839 They are already exist 299 00:12:02,840 --> 00:12:05,659 studies and 300 00:12:05,660 --> 00:12:07,639 papers on how to use 301 00:12:08,810 --> 00:12:11,059 fiber optics or fiber optic ratings 302 00:12:11,060 --> 00:12:13,249 for space applications, but these are 303 00:12:13,250 --> 00:12:14,250 mainly 304 00:12:15,860 --> 00:12:16,699 lab setups. 305 00:12:16,700 --> 00:12:18,889 So these are not tested in flight 306 00:12:18,890 --> 00:12:21,259 and they are only a few examples 307 00:12:21,260 --> 00:12:22,260 where this was done. 308 00:12:23,480 --> 00:12:26,149 So we thought whether it is 309 00:12:26,150 --> 00:12:28,429 possible to operate such an FPGA favor 310 00:12:28,430 --> 00:12:30,199 by creating a measurement system on the 311 00:12:30,200 --> 00:12:32,000 rocket and 312 00:12:33,470 --> 00:12:35,239 just see how it turned out. 313 00:12:37,420 --> 00:12:39,759 So these were our fiber optic 314 00:12:39,760 --> 00:12:41,409 sensors, so the first one is the 315 00:12:41,410 --> 00:12:43,839 accelerations and this one is 316 00:12:43,840 --> 00:12:45,699 a sensor that we that we bought. 317 00:12:45,700 --> 00:12:47,919 We also developed our own own one, 318 00:12:47,920 --> 00:12:49,329 but we couldn't use it in the end. 319 00:12:49,330 --> 00:12:51,459 So we need to use the 320 00:12:51,460 --> 00:12:52,509 fallback solution. 321 00:12:54,760 --> 00:12:57,309 The overload capability is plus minus 53, 322 00:12:57,310 --> 00:12:58,989 which is important, but you will see 323 00:12:58,990 --> 00:13:00,099 later. 324 00:13:00,100 --> 00:13:02,799 Normally the rockets so there's a 325 00:13:02,800 --> 00:13:04,959 Texas Menuha that 326 00:13:04,960 --> 00:13:07,509 has several specifications on the rocket 327 00:13:07,510 --> 00:13:09,669 and it says that the expected 328 00:13:09,670 --> 00:13:11,799 maximum acceleration is about 20 or 329 00:13:11,800 --> 00:13:12,800 25 to. 330 00:13:14,160 --> 00:13:16,779 So this should be sufficient, 331 00:13:16,780 --> 00:13:19,619 we thought then 332 00:13:19,620 --> 00:13:22,139 we also have one 333 00:13:22,140 --> 00:13:24,509 fiber optic, a temperature sensor 334 00:13:24,510 --> 00:13:26,519 that you can see here, and that's also 335 00:13:26,520 --> 00:13:28,200 attached nearby the reference center 336 00:13:29,400 --> 00:13:31,019 for the accelerometer. 337 00:13:31,020 --> 00:13:33,149 We also we also need a reference center, 338 00:13:33,150 --> 00:13:35,519 which is was a normal MEMS based 339 00:13:35,520 --> 00:13:37,409 electrical sensor that was placed close 340 00:13:37,410 --> 00:13:39,479 to the fiber optic Costanza's 341 00:13:39,480 --> 00:13:41,939 and a lot of other temperature sensors 342 00:13:41,940 --> 00:13:43,379 around the modular. 343 00:13:47,020 --> 00:13:49,089 So how how does such 344 00:13:49,090 --> 00:13:51,039 an optical system with these five Ulbrich 345 00:13:51,040 --> 00:13:53,399 ratings work? So first of all, we have 346 00:13:53,400 --> 00:13:55,569 a light source that produces 347 00:13:55,570 --> 00:13:58,269 a very wide band or broadband 348 00:13:58,270 --> 00:13:59,270 of infrared light. 349 00:14:00,760 --> 00:14:03,039 This was done by a normal pump 350 00:14:03,040 --> 00:14:05,409 laser and an erbium dubbed 351 00:14:05,410 --> 00:14:06,639 fiber. 352 00:14:06,640 --> 00:14:09,339 So then this very bright light 353 00:14:09,340 --> 00:14:11,249 goes through a five o'clock coupler and 354 00:14:11,250 --> 00:14:13,689 then split up into three beams 355 00:14:13,690 --> 00:14:15,939 that then go to each of our 356 00:14:15,940 --> 00:14:18,129 3s and also to accelerate 357 00:14:18,130 --> 00:14:20,199 accelerometers, fiber optic 358 00:14:20,200 --> 00:14:22,649 ones and one temperatures. 359 00:14:24,850 --> 00:14:26,949 So from there, it goes through a 360 00:14:26,950 --> 00:14:29,109 50 50 coupler and to the 361 00:14:29,110 --> 00:14:30,039 sensor. 362 00:14:30,040 --> 00:14:32,229 From there, the light gets reflected 363 00:14:32,230 --> 00:14:34,419 and goes back to the coupler 364 00:14:34,420 --> 00:14:36,529 and comes to a so-called interrogator 365 00:14:36,530 --> 00:14:36,789 Chip. 366 00:14:36,790 --> 00:14:39,189 The interrogator chip basically measures 367 00:14:39,190 --> 00:14:41,409 and the first path, it has an air field 368 00:14:41,410 --> 00:14:43,629 in front of of 369 00:14:43,630 --> 00:14:46,539 the light and a diode. 370 00:14:46,540 --> 00:14:48,339 And so we can measure the filter current 371 00:14:48,340 --> 00:14:50,559 of the diode. And we know basically that 372 00:14:50,560 --> 00:14:52,570 the wavelength of 373 00:14:54,310 --> 00:14:55,330 the grating. 374 00:14:57,430 --> 00:14:59,499 Because also the light source 375 00:14:59,500 --> 00:15:01,659 might have some fluctuations in the 376 00:15:01,660 --> 00:15:03,759 intensity of light that it 377 00:15:03,760 --> 00:15:05,529 produces, we also need a reference of the 378 00:15:05,530 --> 00:15:08,409 total emitted light that we received. 379 00:15:08,410 --> 00:15:10,569 So we also have one path without 380 00:15:10,570 --> 00:15:12,939 the edge filter to have an absolute 381 00:15:12,940 --> 00:15:13,940 number. 382 00:15:15,130 --> 00:15:17,049 What was the input like? 383 00:15:17,050 --> 00:15:18,570 Basically for four hours and. 384 00:15:22,460 --> 00:15:24,649 So this is such a rexes rocket. 385 00:15:24,650 --> 00:15:26,209 The rocket is about six meters long. 386 00:15:27,260 --> 00:15:29,569 Our experiment was directly 387 00:15:29,570 --> 00:15:30,919 under the nose cone 388 00:15:31,970 --> 00:15:34,309 or below the nose cone, not with not with 389 00:15:34,310 --> 00:15:36,679 the nose cone. The nose cone was empty. 390 00:15:36,680 --> 00:15:38,749 And below us, there were three 391 00:15:38,750 --> 00:15:40,489 other experiments. 392 00:15:40,490 --> 00:15:42,469 There was, for example, Medusa from the 393 00:15:42,470 --> 00:15:45,199 University of Rostock Ostracod 394 00:15:45,200 --> 00:15:47,599 are two from the University 395 00:15:47,600 --> 00:15:49,789 of Strathclyde and 396 00:15:49,790 --> 00:15:52,399 an experiment called iStock from 397 00:15:52,400 --> 00:15:53,379 Stockholm. 398 00:15:53,380 --> 00:15:55,489 And as you can see, 399 00:15:55,490 --> 00:15:58,159 there are some some severe parts 400 00:15:58,160 --> 00:15:58,549 on it. 401 00:15:58,550 --> 00:16:00,709 So these are hatches because 402 00:16:00,710 --> 00:16:03,259 all these three experiments had so-called 403 00:16:03,260 --> 00:16:04,339 free fall in units. 404 00:16:04,340 --> 00:16:06,439 These are injectables that you can 405 00:16:06,440 --> 00:16:08,779 eject from the rocket that 406 00:16:08,780 --> 00:16:10,970 then fly fly down 407 00:16:12,040 --> 00:16:14,209 the normal way. So these are, 408 00:16:14,210 --> 00:16:16,549 for example, they can be used to test 409 00:16:16,550 --> 00:16:18,709 tube sets, which was the case for 410 00:16:18,710 --> 00:16:19,459 Astrocyte. 411 00:16:19,460 --> 00:16:21,590 Therefore, you have this 10 to 10 412 00:16:23,000 --> 00:16:24,169 centimeter hatches 413 00:16:25,940 --> 00:16:27,289 for four ostracod. 414 00:16:29,440 --> 00:16:31,899 Then there's the service module 415 00:16:31,900 --> 00:16:34,239 that's from Morawa and the recovery 416 00:16:34,240 --> 00:16:36,849 module that's also from the so 417 00:16:36,850 --> 00:16:39,039 every experiment gets several. 418 00:16:42,040 --> 00:16:44,139 Interfaces, for example, power, for 419 00:16:44,140 --> 00:16:47,049 example, a data downlink 420 00:16:47,050 --> 00:16:48,939 provided from the service module and the 421 00:16:48,940 --> 00:16:50,619 data is then transmitted by the service 422 00:16:50,620 --> 00:16:52,599 module to the ground station and then 423 00:16:52,600 --> 00:16:54,689 below the recovery module. 424 00:16:54,690 --> 00:16:57,039 There's the improved 425 00:16:57,040 --> 00:16:58,040 Orion Motor. 426 00:17:00,550 --> 00:17:02,619 So how did our experiment look 427 00:17:02,620 --> 00:17:04,838 like? As you can see, it 428 00:17:04,839 --> 00:17:07,179 is basically just this 429 00:17:07,180 --> 00:17:09,909 this module with 430 00:17:09,910 --> 00:17:12,459 three hundred fifty six millimeters 431 00:17:12,460 --> 00:17:14,559 in diameter and we have 432 00:17:14,560 --> 00:17:16,358 a power supply there and we have the 433 00:17:16,359 --> 00:17:17,979 light source, as I said. 434 00:17:17,980 --> 00:17:20,049 And from there, the light goes to 435 00:17:20,050 --> 00:17:22,209 the fiber couplers throughout through 436 00:17:22,210 --> 00:17:24,399 this beam splitter. 437 00:17:24,400 --> 00:17:25,400 So you can see 438 00:17:26,950 --> 00:17:29,169 that there are three colors and basically 439 00:17:29,170 --> 00:17:30,609 the black part 440 00:17:31,780 --> 00:17:33,849 below the orange fiber cables 441 00:17:33,850 --> 00:17:36,279 that are, you 442 00:17:36,280 --> 00:17:37,280 know, rolled up there 443 00:17:39,010 --> 00:17:41,199 is below the one 444 00:17:41,200 --> 00:17:43,299 of the one, two, three split us and 445 00:17:43,300 --> 00:17:45,459 then we get three output signals. 446 00:17:45,460 --> 00:17:47,889 So from each of the five of us, 447 00:17:47,890 --> 00:17:49,959 we go one 448 00:17:49,960 --> 00:17:52,489 or one goes to the temperatures 449 00:17:52,490 --> 00:17:54,369 and the other to go to the 450 00:17:54,370 --> 00:17:55,869 accelerometers. 451 00:17:55,870 --> 00:17:58,089 And from 452 00:17:58,090 --> 00:17:59,449 there it goes back to the five 453 00:17:59,450 --> 00:18:01,689 Markopoulos and one way 454 00:18:01,690 --> 00:18:03,069 goes, of course, back to the light 455 00:18:03,070 --> 00:18:04,689 source. But we ignore that and the other 456 00:18:04,690 --> 00:18:06,609 part goes to the interrogator trips. 457 00:18:06,610 --> 00:18:08,919 From there it goes onto Bisbee's 458 00:18:08,920 --> 00:18:10,929 through several filter stages and a 459 00:18:10,930 --> 00:18:12,699 microcontroller that then stops all the 460 00:18:12,700 --> 00:18:14,949 data on an SD card and also 461 00:18:14,950 --> 00:18:16,629 transmits part of it down to the ground 462 00:18:16,630 --> 00:18:17,630 station. 463 00:18:18,750 --> 00:18:20,339 So that's this onboard data handling 464 00:18:20,340 --> 00:18:21,340 part. 465 00:18:22,440 --> 00:18:24,719 So how does such a launch look 466 00:18:24,720 --> 00:18:25,720 like? 467 00:18:30,940 --> 00:18:32,189 Hi. 468 00:18:32,190 --> 00:18:35,109 Ow, ow, ow, 469 00:18:35,110 --> 00:18:37,449 ow, ow, 470 00:18:37,450 --> 00:18:38,450 ow, ow. 471 00:18:51,370 --> 00:18:53,939 And this is the view from 472 00:18:53,940 --> 00:18:55,619 the so-called Science Center, so there 473 00:18:55,620 --> 00:18:57,779 are basically two locations where you 474 00:18:57,780 --> 00:18:59,879 can be during such a rocket 475 00:18:59,880 --> 00:19:02,249 launch because they are, 476 00:19:02,250 --> 00:19:04,619 of course, safety regulations there. 477 00:19:04,620 --> 00:19:07,019 So one is the science center, which 478 00:19:07,020 --> 00:19:09,089 this recording comes from, which 479 00:19:09,090 --> 00:19:10,799 is about one kilometer away from the 480 00:19:10,800 --> 00:19:13,019 launch site. And then there's 481 00:19:13,020 --> 00:19:15,179 the so-called radar here, 482 00:19:15,180 --> 00:19:17,309 which is about two or more 483 00:19:17,310 --> 00:19:18,310 kilometers away. 484 00:19:19,910 --> 00:19:20,910 And. 485 00:19:21,690 --> 00:19:23,549 As you can see, basically from the same 486 00:19:23,550 --> 00:19:25,289 sentence that you don't see that much, 487 00:19:25,290 --> 00:19:27,989 but we also had other experiments 488 00:19:27,990 --> 00:19:30,719 on the rocket, so 489 00:19:30,720 --> 00:19:32,489 they also had a camera on board the 490 00:19:32,490 --> 00:19:34,919 rocket. And we can also see the view from 491 00:19:34,920 --> 00:19:37,109 inside the rocket to the outside. 492 00:19:41,880 --> 00:19:43,709 So first of all, the rocket that you see 493 00:19:43,710 --> 00:19:45,989 there is not our rocket that is flying, 494 00:19:45,990 --> 00:19:48,029 that was just another empty rocket that 495 00:19:48,030 --> 00:19:50,219 was placed there that's normally 496 00:19:50,220 --> 00:19:51,899 below the the tower. 497 00:19:51,900 --> 00:19:53,819 And they just moved away the tower of it. 498 00:20:45,870 --> 00:20:46,870 So 499 00:20:48,420 --> 00:20:50,729 the the sound in the end, 500 00:20:50,730 --> 00:20:53,249 you probably noticed it stopped, 501 00:20:53,250 --> 00:20:55,589 so first of all, you notice 502 00:20:55,590 --> 00:20:57,719 the spinning, which is at the rate of 503 00:20:57,720 --> 00:20:59,609 about four Ferhat that's just to 504 00:20:59,610 --> 00:21:01,349 stabilize the rocket during the flight, 505 00:21:01,350 --> 00:21:03,689 because as I said to this unguided, 506 00:21:03,690 --> 00:21:05,819 then you probably noticed that we 507 00:21:05,820 --> 00:21:08,189 were above the clouds after about seven 508 00:21:08,190 --> 00:21:09,269 seconds. 509 00:21:09,270 --> 00:21:11,489 And the other 510 00:21:11,490 --> 00:21:13,649 thing you noticed is the sound that. 511 00:21:15,580 --> 00:21:17,380 Somehow, it probably sounded, 512 00:21:18,990 --> 00:21:20,829 yeah, you probably don't know where it 513 00:21:20,830 --> 00:21:23,079 comes from, it's just the air that flows 514 00:21:23,080 --> 00:21:24,909 out of the modulus because of the lower 515 00:21:24,910 --> 00:21:26,259 pressure outside. 516 00:21:26,260 --> 00:21:27,639 So that's basically the sound that you 517 00:21:27,640 --> 00:21:30,099 can hear. And in the end, 518 00:21:30,100 --> 00:21:31,510 you also hear that there was 519 00:21:32,620 --> 00:21:34,059 the sound disappeared. 520 00:21:34,060 --> 00:21:35,679 That's because there was not enough air 521 00:21:35,680 --> 00:21:37,440 anymore for the microphone to. 522 00:21:44,140 --> 00:21:45,849 And then we have a third one, 523 00:21:47,470 --> 00:21:48,470 this is. 524 00:21:58,610 --> 00:22:00,799 So this was done by 525 00:22:00,800 --> 00:22:03,109 Mahaba, and 526 00:22:03,110 --> 00:22:04,669 so it goes. 527 00:22:04,670 --> 00:22:06,439 So that was another rocket, but they 528 00:22:06,440 --> 00:22:08,209 mounted a camera on top of the rocket 529 00:22:08,210 --> 00:22:09,859 launcher and. 530 00:22:11,150 --> 00:22:12,170 Just see how it goes. 531 00:22:44,350 --> 00:22:45,350 So 532 00:22:46,570 --> 00:22:47,740 it goes quite fast. 533 00:22:49,840 --> 00:22:52,389 So we had 534 00:22:52,390 --> 00:22:54,669 to go now to our results, we 535 00:22:54,670 --> 00:22:57,159 first have the temperature measurements 536 00:22:57,160 --> 00:22:59,289 and you can see that there's some 537 00:22:59,290 --> 00:23:00,609 spike from the five. 538 00:23:00,610 --> 00:23:03,309 So the first thing is both 539 00:23:03,310 --> 00:23:05,409 measurements are quite close together. 540 00:23:05,410 --> 00:23:08,079 So the sensing is correct, 541 00:23:08,080 --> 00:23:09,249 we can say. 542 00:23:09,250 --> 00:23:11,259 The other thing is that we noticed is 543 00:23:11,260 --> 00:23:13,449 that at basically liftoff 544 00:23:13,450 --> 00:23:15,639 time tippler, zero seconds, we 545 00:23:15,640 --> 00:23:17,769 have a spike in from the 546 00:23:17,770 --> 00:23:19,839 fiber optic Cosenza, which is 547 00:23:19,840 --> 00:23:22,599 basically because the fiber acts as 548 00:23:22,600 --> 00:23:24,789 far as an accelerometer in this case, 549 00:23:24,790 --> 00:23:26,709 because there's still a small mass 550 00:23:26,710 --> 00:23:29,019 attached to the fiber, but still 551 00:23:29,020 --> 00:23:29,619 it's a mass. 552 00:23:29,620 --> 00:23:31,869 So we can measure or we can see 553 00:23:31,870 --> 00:23:33,759 the acceleration inside this temperature 554 00:23:33,760 --> 00:23:34,569 profile. 555 00:23:34,570 --> 00:23:36,909 The other part is that we have 556 00:23:38,350 --> 00:23:40,569 the acceleration from our 557 00:23:40,570 --> 00:23:42,879 normal sensor and the fiber optic 558 00:23:42,880 --> 00:23:45,609 sensor and we see that something 559 00:23:45,610 --> 00:23:47,139 bad happen. So at the beginning, 560 00:23:47,140 --> 00:23:49,239 everything seems to fine. 561 00:23:49,240 --> 00:23:51,700 But then at liftoff, something changes. 562 00:23:53,560 --> 00:23:55,359 So what has happened? 563 00:23:56,950 --> 00:23:59,229 So that was the the flight 564 00:23:59,230 --> 00:24:02,139 direction, so there's that access 565 00:24:02,140 --> 00:24:04,779 and basically a 60 milliseconds 566 00:24:04,780 --> 00:24:06,909 before we get the official liftoff 567 00:24:06,910 --> 00:24:09,099 signal, that's the time between ignition 568 00:24:09,100 --> 00:24:10,809 and the rocket moves. 569 00:24:10,810 --> 00:24:14,229 Basically, we see 570 00:24:14,230 --> 00:24:16,479 a very high acceleration that exceeds 571 00:24:16,480 --> 00:24:19,359 our down 572 00:24:19,360 --> 00:24:21,729 for us for the 573 00:24:21,730 --> 00:24:23,799 four hour accelerometers, the fiber 574 00:24:23,800 --> 00:24:25,119 optic ones. 575 00:24:25,120 --> 00:24:27,919 And basically 576 00:24:27,920 --> 00:24:30,189 the sensor could 577 00:24:30,190 --> 00:24:32,409 not get into the old position or some 578 00:24:32,410 --> 00:24:34,939 parts inside were damaged. 579 00:24:34,940 --> 00:24:36,999 And so we had an offset of minus 580 00:24:37,000 --> 00:24:38,020 23 around. 581 00:24:39,100 --> 00:24:41,199 But still there were 582 00:24:41,200 --> 00:24:43,329 some there was some signal and we can 583 00:24:43,330 --> 00:24:45,519 adjust it by rescaling 584 00:24:45,520 --> 00:24:47,469 and adjusting the offset of the fiber 585 00:24:47,470 --> 00:24:49,149 back to the normal profile. 586 00:24:49,150 --> 00:24:51,319 So we can see that we reached about 587 00:24:51,320 --> 00:24:54,429 a third degree of acceleration. 588 00:24:54,430 --> 00:24:56,649 Of course, this is outside the spec of 589 00:24:56,650 --> 00:24:58,989 the accelerometer. So these are not fully 590 00:24:58,990 --> 00:25:01,299 trustable values, but that just 591 00:25:01,300 --> 00:25:03,579 shows that there's 592 00:25:03,580 --> 00:25:05,859 quite some energy at the start 593 00:25:05,860 --> 00:25:06,860 at least, 594 00:25:07,960 --> 00:25:09,789 that exceeds the normally measured 595 00:25:11,500 --> 00:25:12,669 acceleration values. 596 00:25:14,700 --> 00:25:16,949 So the outcome was that 597 00:25:16,950 --> 00:25:19,109 on the one hand, we can operate such 598 00:25:19,110 --> 00:25:20,909 a five regulating based measurement 599 00:25:20,910 --> 00:25:23,159 system on this rocket, but on the other 600 00:25:23,160 --> 00:25:25,259 hand, there are still some problems that 601 00:25:25,260 --> 00:25:27,389 need to be solved or need to be avoided 602 00:25:27,390 --> 00:25:29,699 in the future that 603 00:25:29,700 --> 00:25:32,039 have to do with the 604 00:25:32,040 --> 00:25:33,629 issues that you normally don't see. 605 00:25:33,630 --> 00:25:36,659 If you sample too slow, 606 00:25:36,660 --> 00:25:37,979 that you can see these very high 607 00:25:37,980 --> 00:25:39,329 accelerations at the beginning. 608 00:25:42,900 --> 00:25:44,909 OK, so now I will talk about the soccer 609 00:25:44,910 --> 00:25:47,009 team, where a team of 610 00:25:47,010 --> 00:25:48,659 quite a small team of five engineering 611 00:25:48,660 --> 00:25:50,669 students from Ghana and the eastern part 612 00:25:50,670 --> 00:25:53,039 of Germany, and 613 00:25:53,040 --> 00:25:55,079 the basic idea behind our car was that we 614 00:25:55,080 --> 00:25:58,259 wanted to build an ADP receiver 615 00:25:58,260 --> 00:26:00,239 to place it, for example, in the A 616 00:26:00,240 --> 00:26:02,399 because in a densely populated area, for 617 00:26:02,400 --> 00:26:03,959 example, at the Atlantic. 618 00:26:03,960 --> 00:26:06,059 So there's no really 619 00:26:06,060 --> 00:26:07,979 control of the aircraft which are flying 620 00:26:07,980 --> 00:26:10,139 there. And the idea was that we wanted to 621 00:26:10,140 --> 00:26:12,899 build a small receiver which can operate, 622 00:26:12,900 --> 00:26:13,900 for example. 623 00:26:14,820 --> 00:26:17,849 And the goal was that we receive 624 00:26:17,850 --> 00:26:20,009 these ADP data, which are 625 00:26:20,010 --> 00:26:22,139 transmitted from airplanes 626 00:26:22,140 --> 00:26:24,659 every second, nearly every seconds 627 00:26:24,660 --> 00:26:26,779 during a Texas flight and 628 00:26:26,780 --> 00:26:28,919 wanted to test the experiment during 629 00:26:28,920 --> 00:26:31,529 the flight. And we choose 630 00:26:31,530 --> 00:26:33,599 the Texas flight because we had much more 631 00:26:33,600 --> 00:26:35,699 longer time where we can 632 00:26:35,700 --> 00:26:38,130 measure these airplanes. 633 00:26:39,630 --> 00:26:41,699 And one of the questions was 634 00:26:41,700 --> 00:26:43,919 we are in pretty high 635 00:26:43,920 --> 00:26:46,349 of 30 kilometers or so, so 636 00:26:46,350 --> 00:26:48,569 from which distance can we receive 637 00:26:48,570 --> 00:26:49,730 any airplanes anymore? 638 00:26:51,130 --> 00:26:53,439 So that's a very rough overview 639 00:26:53,440 --> 00:26:54,619 of the experiment. 640 00:26:54,620 --> 00:26:56,049 So we have our airplanes which are 641 00:26:56,050 --> 00:26:57,909 transmitting these ADP signals every 642 00:26:57,910 --> 00:27:00,339 second, and then we have KIOKO 643 00:27:00,340 --> 00:27:02,619 experiment which receives 644 00:27:02,620 --> 00:27:03,729 these data. 645 00:27:03,730 --> 00:27:05,979 We are saving the data onboard and 646 00:27:05,980 --> 00:27:08,259 then there's eeling, the so-called 647 00:27:08,260 --> 00:27:10,639 eeling module in the back 648 00:27:10,640 --> 00:27:12,819 balloon, and we 649 00:27:12,820 --> 00:27:15,009 can transmit the data back to Earth and 650 00:27:15,010 --> 00:27:16,629 see it in the grounds of the current 651 00:27:16,630 --> 00:27:18,270 station and also save the data, the. 652 00:27:20,490 --> 00:27:22,799 Yes, another topic, we have our ADP data, 653 00:27:22,800 --> 00:27:24,359 which are coming from the outside and we 654 00:27:24,360 --> 00:27:26,549 have at the outside of 655 00:27:26,550 --> 00:27:27,889 our. 656 00:27:27,890 --> 00:27:30,749 We have the antenna mounted and 657 00:27:30,750 --> 00:27:32,879 then we have the ADP receiver, 658 00:27:32,880 --> 00:27:35,519 which is in our module, 659 00:27:35,520 --> 00:27:37,649 and we have an FPGA where 660 00:27:37,650 --> 00:27:39,749 we do all the signal processing stuff 661 00:27:39,750 --> 00:27:41,939 and decoding the frames which are coming 662 00:27:41,940 --> 00:27:43,289 from the airplanes. 663 00:27:43,290 --> 00:27:45,359 And then we have a small 664 00:27:45,360 --> 00:27:47,699 computer which saves the data 665 00:27:47,700 --> 00:27:49,919 and also downlinks the data 666 00:27:49,920 --> 00:27:51,299 down to us. 667 00:27:51,300 --> 00:27:53,519 And also we could talk to 668 00:27:53,520 --> 00:27:54,630 experiment and 669 00:27:55,650 --> 00:27:57,930 set some commands during the flight. 670 00:28:00,470 --> 00:28:02,869 The electrical concept is relatively 671 00:28:02,870 --> 00:28:03,949 simple. 672 00:28:03,950 --> 00:28:06,079 We have an RF receiver 673 00:28:06,080 --> 00:28:08,599 do the data center at a frequency 674 00:28:08,600 --> 00:28:11,149 of around one point, one gigahertz. 675 00:28:11,150 --> 00:28:12,749 So we are filtering the data. 676 00:28:12,750 --> 00:28:14,659 We are amplification, we have an 677 00:28:14,660 --> 00:28:16,339 amplification stage. 678 00:28:16,340 --> 00:28:17,989 Then we have a few other filters and 679 00:28:17,990 --> 00:28:20,119 amplifiers and then 680 00:28:20,120 --> 00:28:21,739 we have a logarithmic detector. 681 00:28:21,740 --> 00:28:24,769 And the data from the logarithm detector 682 00:28:24,770 --> 00:28:26,929 directly is input in an 683 00:28:26,930 --> 00:28:29,179 ADC analog to digital 684 00:28:29,180 --> 00:28:31,219 converter. And then we are doing the 685 00:28:31,220 --> 00:28:34,039 signal processing stuff in the FPGA 686 00:28:34,040 --> 00:28:36,319 and the FPGA 687 00:28:36,320 --> 00:28:38,419 since the decoded data 688 00:28:38,420 --> 00:28:41,149 where a similar connection 689 00:28:41,150 --> 00:28:43,309 to the computer where we can save 690 00:28:43,310 --> 00:28:44,839 it and start data. 691 00:28:46,340 --> 00:28:48,679 And we had an Internet 692 00:28:48,680 --> 00:28:50,749 connection because the ceiling is 693 00:28:50,750 --> 00:28:51,859 mainly 694 00:28:54,530 --> 00:28:56,749 a WiFi connection, 695 00:28:56,750 --> 00:28:57,469 something like that. 696 00:28:57,470 --> 00:28:58,939 It has a little bit more power than the 697 00:28:58,940 --> 00:29:00,319 WiFi connection, but basically it's a 698 00:29:00,320 --> 00:29:01,320 WiFi connection. 699 00:29:03,960 --> 00:29:06,359 We had some problems with the 700 00:29:06,360 --> 00:29:08,279 front end. We used it on the first 701 00:29:08,280 --> 00:29:10,089 prototype, we used the so-called mini 702 00:29:10,090 --> 00:29:12,539 ADP. You can take a look at the entire 703 00:29:12,540 --> 00:29:13,979 well documented. 704 00:29:13,980 --> 00:29:16,109 And the problem was 705 00:29:16,110 --> 00:29:18,479 that there was only one amplifier and 706 00:29:18,480 --> 00:29:19,619 it oscillates a lot. 707 00:29:19,620 --> 00:29:21,779 So we split the 708 00:29:21,780 --> 00:29:23,849 amplification into two stages and then we 709 00:29:23,850 --> 00:29:26,189 had no problems with amplification 710 00:29:26,190 --> 00:29:28,289 and so on. And you can see here, that's 711 00:29:28,290 --> 00:29:30,089 our second prototype. 712 00:29:31,110 --> 00:29:33,749 And there are the amplification 713 00:29:33,750 --> 00:29:35,609 is put into two stages. 714 00:29:38,680 --> 00:29:40,989 And we built a base 715 00:29:40,990 --> 00:29:43,089 for the so-called base, but we 716 00:29:43,090 --> 00:29:45,579 had an FPGA on underneath 717 00:29:45,580 --> 00:29:48,069 it, and the base part contains 718 00:29:48,070 --> 00:29:49,999 the direct receiver. 719 00:29:50,000 --> 00:29:51,489 You can see it here. 720 00:29:51,490 --> 00:29:53,709 You can see here the ADC, the analog 721 00:29:53,710 --> 00:29:55,869 to digital converter, and 722 00:29:55,870 --> 00:29:57,939 that's our computer, 723 00:29:57,940 --> 00:29:59,739 which was also developed by us. 724 00:29:59,740 --> 00:30:01,269 And it 725 00:30:02,440 --> 00:30:03,970 was stacked on top of that. 726 00:30:08,230 --> 00:30:11,139 The computer was developed by Honeysett, 727 00:30:11,140 --> 00:30:13,569 is one of our team members 728 00:30:13,570 --> 00:30:15,849 during his master's thesis and runs 729 00:30:15,850 --> 00:30:16,900 Linux and 730 00:30:18,280 --> 00:30:20,079 what it was designed for low power 731 00:30:20,080 --> 00:30:22,389 consumption. So it also fits in our 732 00:30:22,390 --> 00:30:24,819 concept that we wanted to build a 733 00:30:24,820 --> 00:30:26,319 receiver which consumes 734 00:30:27,520 --> 00:30:28,389 basically nothing. 735 00:30:28,390 --> 00:30:30,690 Well, not really a lot of energy. 736 00:30:33,120 --> 00:30:35,249 And you can see here a chart 737 00:30:35,250 --> 00:30:37,559 where we put all together, so in total 738 00:30:37,560 --> 00:30:39,329 we had power consumption, less than one 739 00:30:39,330 --> 00:30:42,209 watt. So we think that's quite OK. 740 00:30:42,210 --> 00:30:44,159 But for example, we would to use the 741 00:30:44,160 --> 00:30:46,799 experiment during a satellite flight 742 00:30:46,800 --> 00:30:48,869 down the Internet 743 00:30:48,870 --> 00:30:51,089 connection wouldn't be needed anymore. 744 00:30:51,090 --> 00:30:53,249 So the power consumption could 745 00:30:53,250 --> 00:30:55,679 be reduced further because 746 00:30:55,680 --> 00:30:57,809 the Internet connection consumes the 747 00:30:57,810 --> 00:30:59,489 most energy in the whole experiment. 748 00:31:02,820 --> 00:31:05,039 Mechanical, we built 749 00:31:05,040 --> 00:31:07,359 quite a simple mechanical or 750 00:31:07,360 --> 00:31:09,779 metal box, you can see it here in the 751 00:31:09,780 --> 00:31:11,879 in the left where we have to 752 00:31:11,880 --> 00:31:14,159 connect the connectors outside from 753 00:31:14,160 --> 00:31:16,259 the left, the connect 754 00:31:16,260 --> 00:31:17,879 over the antennas mounted. 755 00:31:17,880 --> 00:31:19,439 Then we have the power connection. 756 00:31:19,440 --> 00:31:21,689 And on the right we have these 757 00:31:21,690 --> 00:31:23,769 on a connection and three 758 00:31:23,770 --> 00:31:26,549 elements where we could see some 759 00:31:26,550 --> 00:31:28,289 indicators or some areas. 760 00:31:28,290 --> 00:31:30,119 For example, when we went 761 00:31:31,370 --> 00:31:32,729 when the experiment was not in the. 762 00:31:36,250 --> 00:31:38,649 A look inside of the box, it was 763 00:31:38,650 --> 00:31:40,959 really only just a metal box, 764 00:31:40,960 --> 00:31:43,269 and we had here our our 765 00:31:43,270 --> 00:31:45,489 base board, our computer, 766 00:31:45,490 --> 00:31:48,039 and that's the connection with which goes 767 00:31:48,040 --> 00:31:49,389 directly in front. 768 00:31:49,390 --> 00:31:51,729 And here we had an IED, 769 00:31:51,730 --> 00:31:53,799 a material only for isolation 770 00:31:53,800 --> 00:31:56,079 and some total 771 00:31:56,080 --> 00:31:58,090 isolation of doing the. 772 00:32:03,130 --> 00:32:05,739 In October last year, the experiment 773 00:32:05,740 --> 00:32:08,109 experiment was started from whence you 774 00:32:08,110 --> 00:32:09,460 saw some pictures before, 775 00:32:10,570 --> 00:32:12,639 at ten fifty one we 776 00:32:12,640 --> 00:32:14,739 reached a floating level of around 777 00:32:14,740 --> 00:32:16,419 twenty eight kilometers. 778 00:32:16,420 --> 00:32:18,699 But we had a lot of 779 00:32:18,700 --> 00:32:20,189 we had a strong horizontal wind. 780 00:32:20,190 --> 00:32:22,479 So the balloon had to be cut down at 781 00:32:22,480 --> 00:32:23,480 12 o'clock. 782 00:32:24,370 --> 00:32:26,469 The problem is that they are not allowed 783 00:32:26,470 --> 00:32:28,779 to fly in the Russian 784 00:32:28,780 --> 00:32:29,679 sector. 785 00:32:29,680 --> 00:32:32,229 So we landed or later we landed 786 00:32:32,230 --> 00:32:34,689 in Finland and it was 787 00:32:34,690 --> 00:32:35,949 good luck that we landed there. 788 00:32:40,300 --> 00:32:42,909 And that's a picture of our gondola. 789 00:32:42,910 --> 00:32:45,399 You can see here that was our small 790 00:32:45,400 --> 00:32:47,019 experiment. 791 00:32:47,020 --> 00:32:49,359 That's the power box where the batteries 792 00:32:49,360 --> 00:32:51,429 are located inside, and 793 00:32:51,430 --> 00:32:54,189 that's the so-called eeling module, 794 00:32:54,190 --> 00:32:56,919 which is basically a WiFi connection. 795 00:32:56,920 --> 00:32:59,019 And that was another 796 00:32:59,020 --> 00:33:01,479 experiment from, I think, Bologna 797 00:33:01,480 --> 00:33:03,759 and a five 798 00:33:03,760 --> 00:33:05,889 that they had done some 799 00:33:05,890 --> 00:33:07,299 metrological measurements in the 800 00:33:07,300 --> 00:33:09,459 atmosphere doing the floating 801 00:33:09,460 --> 00:33:10,460 face. 802 00:33:12,310 --> 00:33:14,709 Um, Tattooer says 803 00:33:14,710 --> 00:33:16,829 basically the experiment worked very 804 00:33:16,830 --> 00:33:18,909 well, we could track a 805 00:33:18,910 --> 00:33:21,159 lot of airplanes during the flight and 806 00:33:21,160 --> 00:33:23,769 in total we received around 200 807 00:33:23,770 --> 00:33:25,899 thousands more text messages 808 00:33:25,900 --> 00:33:28,149 and in total debt, around 809 00:33:28,150 --> 00:33:30,369 110 unique airplanes 810 00:33:30,370 --> 00:33:31,509 we could see. 811 00:33:31,510 --> 00:33:33,639 And the maximum distance was around six 812 00:33:33,640 --> 00:33:35,319 hundred twenty kilometers. 813 00:33:35,320 --> 00:33:37,509 But we expected more. 814 00:33:37,510 --> 00:33:39,819 We expected a distance from around 815 00:33:39,820 --> 00:33:42,309 1100 kilometers. 816 00:33:42,310 --> 00:33:44,619 And the problem was that we had some drop 817 00:33:44,620 --> 00:33:46,719 outs with our in our air. 818 00:33:46,720 --> 00:33:48,999 FLINK So we think that we had the broken 819 00:33:49,000 --> 00:33:51,979 antenna connection with which was. 820 00:33:51,980 --> 00:33:53,839 Mostly likely 821 00:33:54,920 --> 00:33:57,019 due to a mechanical problem 822 00:33:57,020 --> 00:33:58,459 to transport, so. 823 00:34:01,830 --> 00:34:04,229 He has a picture during the flight. 824 00:34:04,230 --> 00:34:06,479 You can see that that was the airplane, 825 00:34:06,480 --> 00:34:09,149 which was from the 826 00:34:09,150 --> 00:34:11,249 highest distance, six hundred, 827 00:34:11,250 --> 00:34:13,678 20 kilometers around, and that 828 00:34:13,679 --> 00:34:15,869 he in the middle, that's Cuba now 829 00:34:15,870 --> 00:34:17,219 and also Cuban airport. 830 00:34:20,040 --> 00:34:21,988 I'm in blue. 831 00:34:21,989 --> 00:34:24,539 We have developed most modest 832 00:34:24,540 --> 00:34:27,499 messages we received during the flight 833 00:34:27,500 --> 00:34:28,500 and 834 00:34:30,239 --> 00:34:32,550 at this time we had the launch and 835 00:34:34,110 --> 00:34:36,659 the count of Motets messages 836 00:34:38,670 --> 00:34:39,809 increases a lot. 837 00:34:39,810 --> 00:34:41,879 And then we had this degradation you can 838 00:34:41,880 --> 00:34:42,869 see during the flight. 839 00:34:42,870 --> 00:34:45,299 And we think that that's the reason 840 00:34:45,300 --> 00:34:47,488 because of the broken antenna connection. 841 00:34:47,489 --> 00:34:49,049 So from time to time, we had a lot of 842 00:34:49,050 --> 00:34:50,488 messages we received and then, for 843 00:34:50,489 --> 00:34:52,619 example, for two minutes due 844 00:34:53,760 --> 00:34:55,888 to count of messages dropped 845 00:34:55,889 --> 00:34:58,049 out completely or nearly completely. 846 00:34:58,050 --> 00:34:59,999 So we had really problems with our 847 00:35:00,000 --> 00:35:01,349 antenna. 848 00:35:01,350 --> 00:35:03,959 But all we received a lot of 849 00:35:03,960 --> 00:35:06,269 our and we could say, OK, the experiment 850 00:35:06,270 --> 00:35:07,739 is working well, actually. 851 00:35:09,940 --> 00:35:12,409 Terms of the behavior, the monitored six 852 00:35:12,410 --> 00:35:14,299 Equador courtesy sensors in the 853 00:35:14,300 --> 00:35:17,029 experiment to monitor the temperature 854 00:35:17,030 --> 00:35:19,309 and at the launch pad, and 855 00:35:19,310 --> 00:35:21,499 during the experiment when it was on 856 00:35:21,500 --> 00:35:23,659 the launch pad, the temperature 857 00:35:23,660 --> 00:35:26,019 rises and then, of course, we are 858 00:35:26,020 --> 00:35:27,589 the balloon was rising and the 859 00:35:27,590 --> 00:35:29,719 temperature was rising until 860 00:35:29,720 --> 00:35:31,969 around the outside temperature 861 00:35:31,970 --> 00:35:33,889 at minus 40 degree. 862 00:35:33,890 --> 00:35:35,959 And then the gondola was 863 00:35:35,960 --> 00:35:38,089 moving slowly into the 864 00:35:38,090 --> 00:35:40,549 sun and then the sun was 865 00:35:40,550 --> 00:35:42,649 shining directly on our experiment. 866 00:35:42,650 --> 00:35:44,719 So the temperature rises again. 867 00:35:48,080 --> 00:35:50,210 OK, so we made a short. 868 00:35:54,390 --> 00:35:55,589 Timelapse move? 869 00:35:55,590 --> 00:35:57,360 No, I've no 870 00:35:58,410 --> 00:36:00,659 real movie of the launch 871 00:36:00,660 --> 00:36:03,179 and nobody in the team had a movie 872 00:36:03,180 --> 00:36:05,579 of the balloon start, 873 00:36:05,580 --> 00:36:07,949 but we made a short time lapse, 874 00:36:07,950 --> 00:36:08,950 we can see. 875 00:36:10,420 --> 00:36:12,729 Here in the bright yellow cards, 876 00:36:12,730 --> 00:36:14,859 how colors, how colors is 877 00:36:14,860 --> 00:36:17,289 the launch vehicle address, which 878 00:36:17,290 --> 00:36:19,089 you can see the gondola which is mounted 879 00:36:19,090 --> 00:36:21,309 there, and the balloon 880 00:36:21,310 --> 00:36:22,480 is on the left. 881 00:36:37,260 --> 00:36:39,389 OK, during after 882 00:36:39,390 --> 00:36:41,519 the flight, we replayed all 883 00:36:41,520 --> 00:36:43,889 the data we received and made a 884 00:36:43,890 --> 00:36:46,949 small time lapse movie where you can see 885 00:36:46,950 --> 00:36:49,349 the airplanes flying around 886 00:36:49,350 --> 00:36:50,780 Sweden and Norway. 887 00:37:02,460 --> 00:37:04,619 Dancers and singers, for example, to 888 00:37:04,620 --> 00:37:06,449 show you only one thing is, for example, 889 00:37:06,450 --> 00:37:08,699 UFC Akuna Airport and 890 00:37:08,700 --> 00:37:11,039 you see airplanes which are flying 891 00:37:11,040 --> 00:37:13,829 to CUNA land and fly again. 892 00:37:13,830 --> 00:37:16,199 And of course, you can see a lot of 893 00:37:16,200 --> 00:37:18,359 airplane routes or 894 00:37:18,360 --> 00:37:21,029 streets in the air, 895 00:37:21,030 --> 00:37:23,039 which you can which we could track during 896 00:37:23,040 --> 00:37:24,040 the whole flight. 897 00:37:35,030 --> 00:37:37,369 OK, and if you have or 898 00:37:37,370 --> 00:37:39,559 if you want to build an experiment and 899 00:37:39,560 --> 00:37:41,749 you want to participate in the works 900 00:37:41,750 --> 00:37:43,389 aspects of the program, you may be ask 901 00:37:43,390 --> 00:37:45,349 yourself now, how could I do that? 902 00:37:45,350 --> 00:37:47,689 And we think the first idea is that 903 00:37:47,690 --> 00:37:49,129 you have to get an idea. 904 00:37:49,130 --> 00:37:51,289 And we have only 905 00:37:51,290 --> 00:37:53,209 written some questions down. 906 00:37:53,210 --> 00:37:55,459 For example, was the experiment 907 00:37:55,460 --> 00:37:57,649 in similar kind already flown? 908 00:37:57,650 --> 00:38:00,169 Can we improve the early experiment 909 00:38:00,170 --> 00:38:01,170 which was flown 910 00:38:02,270 --> 00:38:04,879 some years ago or so again? 911 00:38:04,880 --> 00:38:07,069 And we need external support, which 912 00:38:07,070 --> 00:38:08,479 is critical for your experiment. 913 00:38:08,480 --> 00:38:10,729 For example, do we need any labs which 914 00:38:10,730 --> 00:38:12,919 cannot cannot be provided by 915 00:38:12,920 --> 00:38:15,259 the suspects program or do we need 916 00:38:15,260 --> 00:38:17,449 external finance support and so 917 00:38:17,450 --> 00:38:18,859 on, so on? 918 00:38:18,860 --> 00:38:21,229 And we think that 919 00:38:21,230 --> 00:38:22,549 it's in the first hand. 920 00:38:22,550 --> 00:38:24,589 It's important that you find people who 921 00:38:24,590 --> 00:38:27,229 are motivated to work 922 00:38:27,230 --> 00:38:29,689 in this project, for example, 923 00:38:29,690 --> 00:38:31,859 because those projects are running for 924 00:38:31,860 --> 00:38:34,819 around 10 or 11 months, whereas 925 00:38:34,820 --> 00:38:37,309 rexes programs are running for 12 926 00:38:37,310 --> 00:38:38,209 months, No. 927 00:38:38,210 --> 00:38:40,669 13, 18 months. 928 00:38:40,670 --> 00:38:42,019 So that's a lot of time. 929 00:38:42,020 --> 00:38:44,389 And you have to do it, or mostly all 930 00:38:44,390 --> 00:38:47,029 during the during your 931 00:38:47,030 --> 00:38:48,249 study at university. 932 00:38:49,280 --> 00:38:51,409 So you also need people 933 00:38:51,410 --> 00:38:53,419 who are motivated at very important thing 934 00:38:53,420 --> 00:38:55,009 in the works aspects of the program. 935 00:38:55,010 --> 00:38:57,800 And we can say from previous 936 00:38:59,060 --> 00:39:01,489 experiments, mostly 937 00:39:01,490 --> 00:39:03,799 the problem is that the 938 00:39:03,800 --> 00:39:05,869 people lost the team or left the 939 00:39:05,870 --> 00:39:08,029 team and the team 940 00:39:08,030 --> 00:39:09,859 had a lot of problems with the workload, 941 00:39:09,860 --> 00:39:11,539 which has to be done until the launch 942 00:39:11,540 --> 00:39:12,540 campaign. 943 00:39:14,740 --> 00:39:17,409 So the next possibility to 944 00:39:17,410 --> 00:39:19,659 try to call for proposal or two to write 945 00:39:19,660 --> 00:39:22,329 a paper for the 946 00:39:22,330 --> 00:39:24,639 selection workshop opens in summer 947 00:39:24,640 --> 00:39:25,989 2016. 948 00:39:25,990 --> 00:39:28,389 And for German 949 00:39:28,390 --> 00:39:30,609 students, you should you must 950 00:39:30,610 --> 00:39:32,349 not. But you should write a letter of 951 00:39:32,350 --> 00:39:34,629 intent until 952 00:39:34,630 --> 00:39:36,579 the beginning of August next year. 953 00:39:36,580 --> 00:39:38,859 And for European students, they should 954 00:39:38,860 --> 00:39:41,199 register at the Education 955 00:39:41,200 --> 00:39:43,479 Project database and 956 00:39:43,480 --> 00:39:45,699 write down that they want to participate 957 00:39:45,700 --> 00:39:46,689 in the program. 958 00:39:46,690 --> 00:39:48,849 And for details you should see at 959 00:39:48,850 --> 00:39:51,099 Suspects Stuxnet, because 960 00:39:51,100 --> 00:39:53,199 there's everything listed and you 961 00:39:53,200 --> 00:39:54,639 can read it later. 962 00:39:57,790 --> 00:40:00,129 OK, some acknowledgments 963 00:40:00,130 --> 00:40:01,599 we have the first team that were the team 964 00:40:01,600 --> 00:40:03,309 members of the first team A. 965 00:40:04,480 --> 00:40:06,130 We were this team 966 00:40:07,600 --> 00:40:09,669 thanks to the guys who 967 00:40:09,670 --> 00:40:11,380 brought us these images and so on. 968 00:40:12,490 --> 00:40:14,739 And the videos you saw, for 969 00:40:14,740 --> 00:40:17,259 example, from Derek Subcircuit, 970 00:40:17,260 --> 00:40:19,059 we are from the Isaach experiment and 971 00:40:19,060 --> 00:40:20,410 from Guillaume Awaba. 972 00:40:24,220 --> 00:40:26,469 And if you read if you want to read 973 00:40:26,470 --> 00:40:28,989 a little bit more, we have 974 00:40:28,990 --> 00:40:31,479 some Web pages written down 975 00:40:31,480 --> 00:40:32,629 and if you have questions. 976 00:40:32,630 --> 00:40:35,019 Also talk to us later or 977 00:40:35,020 --> 00:40:36,020 let us an email. 978 00:40:37,610 --> 00:40:39,809 To have some time left, 979 00:40:39,810 --> 00:40:41,689 five minutes, 15 980 00:40:42,840 --> 00:40:45,219 on the thank you. 981 00:40:45,220 --> 00:40:46,220 Yeah. 982 00:40:46,820 --> 00:40:47,820 Yes. 983 00:40:49,770 --> 00:40:52,319 OK, so we can show 984 00:40:52,320 --> 00:40:54,449 just a few images 985 00:40:54,450 --> 00:40:55,619 from the campaign 986 00:40:56,730 --> 00:40:59,189 and then we do a Q and A, so this is the 987 00:40:59,190 --> 00:41:01,409 team photo of the 988 00:41:01,410 --> 00:41:03,749 rexes, 15 and 16 teams 989 00:41:03,750 --> 00:41:05,819 that were that were there. 990 00:41:05,820 --> 00:41:07,919 So you see, these are quite a lot of 991 00:41:07,920 --> 00:41:08,909 people involved. 992 00:41:08,910 --> 00:41:10,889 And these were only the people that were 993 00:41:10,890 --> 00:41:13,739 sent to the launch campaign 994 00:41:13,740 --> 00:41:16,019 that may be or they are even more people 995 00:41:16,020 --> 00:41:18,479 involved in the project itself. 996 00:41:18,480 --> 00:41:20,669 And this is, again, the photo, 997 00:41:20,670 --> 00:41:22,679 but for us, 18 and 19. 998 00:41:24,050 --> 00:41:25,460 So, again, a lot of people 999 00:41:27,530 --> 00:41:28,760 yeah, well. 1000 00:41:30,310 --> 00:41:32,409 Maybe we can we can open for a Q 1001 00:41:32,410 --> 00:41:33,519 and A.. 1002 00:41:33,520 --> 00:41:34,869 Thank you very much for the phone. 1003 00:41:34,870 --> 00:41:36,579 Please give them a warm applause. 1004 00:41:44,450 --> 00:41:46,669 If you have any questions, please line up 1005 00:41:46,670 --> 00:41:49,099 at the four microphones we have here 1006 00:41:49,100 --> 00:41:51,409 while you're doing this off 1007 00:41:51,410 --> 00:41:53,329 to the signal Angel relaying a question 1008 00:41:53,330 --> 00:41:54,649 from Iasi. 1009 00:41:54,650 --> 00:41:57,319 We currently have a question regarding 1010 00:41:57,320 --> 00:41:59,989 funding and regarding 1011 00:41:59,990 --> 00:42:02,929 the costs involved with launches. 1012 00:42:02,930 --> 00:42:05,449 Can you maybe elaborate 1013 00:42:05,450 --> 00:42:07,579 a bit on the costs for 1014 00:42:07,580 --> 00:42:09,889 launching with rexes of Texas, 1015 00:42:09,890 --> 00:42:12,109 maybe cost per kilogram 1016 00:42:12,110 --> 00:42:14,299 also and the total 1017 00:42:14,300 --> 00:42:16,279 funding for such a launch? 1018 00:42:16,280 --> 00:42:18,589 So I don't know the total funding, 1019 00:42:18,590 --> 00:42:20,689 but the launch itself is free. 1020 00:42:20,690 --> 00:42:22,749 So that's paid by the suspects us. 1021 00:42:22,750 --> 00:42:24,769 So that's free for the teams, basically 1022 00:42:24,770 --> 00:42:26,389 what the teams have to pay 1023 00:42:27,740 --> 00:42:28,759 or not. 1024 00:42:28,760 --> 00:42:30,859 The teams also get some money, 1025 00:42:30,860 --> 00:42:33,409 for example, to build the modules and 1026 00:42:33,410 --> 00:42:35,479 some specific parts 1027 00:42:35,480 --> 00:42:37,579 that are built, for example, by his 1028 00:42:37,580 --> 00:42:39,739 arm or by other companies 1029 00:42:39,740 --> 00:42:42,259 where you just buy these things 1030 00:42:42,260 --> 00:42:44,509 and everything that 1031 00:42:44,510 --> 00:42:45,499 exceeds that amount. 1032 00:42:45,500 --> 00:42:47,659 I don't have an exact figure a couple 1033 00:42:47,660 --> 00:42:48,660 of thousand euros 1034 00:42:50,570 --> 00:42:52,819 that then has to be paid by your own 1035 00:42:52,820 --> 00:42:54,769 or you have to develop it by your own or 1036 00:42:54,770 --> 00:42:56,899 you need a lab of your university 1037 00:42:56,900 --> 00:42:59,719 or some some machines of your university 1038 00:42:59,720 --> 00:43:02,029 so that you can can 1039 00:43:02,030 --> 00:43:03,030 just see. 1040 00:43:05,240 --> 00:43:07,519 Where you can get other 1041 00:43:07,520 --> 00:43:09,739 support or other sponsors 1042 00:43:09,740 --> 00:43:10,740 for these parts. 1043 00:43:12,140 --> 00:43:14,449 The question from the front, right 1044 00:43:14,450 --> 00:43:15,450 microphone. 1045 00:43:16,100 --> 00:43:17,100 OK. 1046 00:43:20,400 --> 00:43:22,799 OK, hello, 1047 00:43:22,800 --> 00:43:24,989 I have a question regarding the fiber 1048 00:43:24,990 --> 00:43:27,719 optic measurements you did, 1049 00:43:27,720 --> 00:43:29,669 because you explained that it has some 1050 00:43:29,670 --> 00:43:31,829 advantages, for example, 1051 00:43:31,830 --> 00:43:34,349 that it can be built very lightweight. 1052 00:43:34,350 --> 00:43:36,629 Now, my question is, did 1053 00:43:36,630 --> 00:43:38,460 your experiments 1054 00:43:39,840 --> 00:43:42,419 had or do you hope that your experiment 1055 00:43:42,420 --> 00:43:45,179 will have some effect on the development 1056 00:43:45,180 --> 00:43:47,579 of these measurement 1057 00:43:47,580 --> 00:43:50,009 systems for actual emissions 1058 00:43:50,010 --> 00:43:52,199 from NASA or the DLR, 1059 00:43:52,200 --> 00:43:54,299 for example, some kind of 1060 00:43:54,300 --> 00:43:56,459 fiber optic measurements being done 1061 00:43:56,460 --> 00:43:57,460 on? 1062 00:43:58,320 --> 00:44:00,509 So what what lies in the future? 1063 00:44:00,510 --> 00:44:02,759 So I don't know of any 1064 00:44:02,760 --> 00:44:04,919 specific plans or things, 1065 00:44:04,920 --> 00:44:07,259 but so 1066 00:44:07,260 --> 00:44:09,479 we see that there are some problems 1067 00:44:09,480 --> 00:44:10,379 with the fiber optics. 1068 00:44:10,380 --> 00:44:13,229 But in total, due to 1069 00:44:13,230 --> 00:44:15,359 the due to that, that you don't 1070 00:44:15,360 --> 00:44:18,149 need no more isolation 1071 00:44:18,150 --> 00:44:20,969 from the of the fibers 1072 00:44:20,970 --> 00:44:23,579 compared to electrical cables 1073 00:44:23,580 --> 00:44:24,580 so that 1074 00:44:26,160 --> 00:44:28,439 there might be some 1075 00:44:28,440 --> 00:44:30,979 some programs, but nothing specific 1076 00:44:30,980 --> 00:44:32,279 that I know of. 1077 00:44:32,280 --> 00:44:34,029 Can I ask a follow up question is not 1078 00:44:34,030 --> 00:44:36,179 one. Can you give a rough estimate 1079 00:44:36,180 --> 00:44:38,339 on how much weight you 1080 00:44:38,340 --> 00:44:40,409 can save in comparison to 1081 00:44:41,640 --> 00:44:43,079 the models used currently for 1082 00:44:43,080 --> 00:44:44,339 measurement. 1083 00:44:44,340 --> 00:44:45,539 Not by heart. Sorry. 1084 00:44:45,540 --> 00:44:46,540 Okay. Thank you. 1085 00:44:47,520 --> 00:44:49,679 From left microphone. 1086 00:44:49,680 --> 00:44:51,059 Hi, thanks for the talk. 1087 00:44:51,060 --> 00:44:53,219 I'm interested in some numbers for both 1088 00:44:53,220 --> 00:44:54,479 Texas and Texas. 1089 00:44:54,480 --> 00:44:56,129 What's the kind of flight duration you 1090 00:44:56,130 --> 00:44:58,289 can achieve and what about the maximum 1091 00:44:58,290 --> 00:44:59,489 altitude? 1092 00:44:59,490 --> 00:45:01,859 Yeah, so the altitude I think we had 1093 00:45:01,860 --> 00:45:04,109 on the on the slide is for 1094 00:45:04,110 --> 00:45:06,239 the Texas rockets, about 1095 00:45:06,240 --> 00:45:08,519 80 or 70 to 90 km. 1096 00:45:08,520 --> 00:45:10,079 So it depends, of course, on the mass of 1097 00:45:10,080 --> 00:45:10,989 the rocket. 1098 00:45:10,990 --> 00:45:13,259 And usually you try to get 1099 00:45:13,260 --> 00:45:15,359 all the experiments that started for 1100 00:45:15,360 --> 00:45:16,979 this rocket also on the rocket that you 1101 00:45:16,980 --> 00:45:18,750 don't have to fly an empty experiment. 1102 00:45:20,130 --> 00:45:22,379 So therefore, you probably 1103 00:45:22,380 --> 00:45:24,509 just take away some of the heat and just 1104 00:45:24,510 --> 00:45:26,579 take the the heavier 1105 00:45:26,580 --> 00:45:27,809 experiment. 1106 00:45:27,810 --> 00:45:29,999 But so our flight, because all 1107 00:45:30,000 --> 00:45:31,679 our modules were quite heavy, our flight 1108 00:45:31,680 --> 00:45:34,139 was only up to eighty eight point 1109 00:45:34,140 --> 00:45:35,300 seven kilometers. 1110 00:45:36,480 --> 00:45:39,089 But the our sister Flight 1111 00:45:39,090 --> 00:45:41,549 16 was to 86 or 87 1112 00:45:41,550 --> 00:45:42,550 kilometers. 1113 00:45:43,510 --> 00:45:46,269 A question from our signal angel on Iasi, 1114 00:45:46,270 --> 00:45:48,339 somebody wanted to know what happens 1115 00:45:48,340 --> 00:45:51,009 to the rocket when it reaches 1116 00:45:51,010 --> 00:45:53,199 its high point, the highest 1117 00:45:53,200 --> 00:45:55,659 altitude, does it come back can 1118 00:45:55,660 --> 00:45:58,059 sometimes be used for things like that. 1119 00:45:58,060 --> 00:46:00,129 So the 80 kilometers are not 1120 00:46:00,130 --> 00:46:02,889 sufficient to get the experiments 1121 00:46:02,890 --> 00:46:04,119 into orbit. 1122 00:46:04,120 --> 00:46:06,369 So basically everything falls down again. 1123 00:46:06,370 --> 00:46:08,559 There will be or usually there's a motor 1124 00:46:08,560 --> 00:46:10,719 separation, so the motor falls down 1125 00:46:10,720 --> 00:46:12,849 before the payload and then 1126 00:46:12,850 --> 00:46:14,559 sometime later the payload comes down 1127 00:46:14,560 --> 00:46:15,560 again. 1128 00:46:15,850 --> 00:46:17,949 This is so that the 1129 00:46:17,950 --> 00:46:20,070 payload falls back on 1130 00:46:21,220 --> 00:46:23,589 on a parachute. 1131 00:46:23,590 --> 00:46:26,079 And you can see that here 1132 00:46:26,080 --> 00:46:28,149 how it looks like after this couple 1133 00:46:28,150 --> 00:46:30,309 of slides. So that's just 1134 00:46:30,310 --> 00:46:32,529 the payload without the 1135 00:46:32,530 --> 00:46:34,449 the motor. That's how it is mounted on 1136 00:46:34,450 --> 00:46:36,579 the on the launcher. 1137 00:46:38,030 --> 00:46:39,349 And that's basically how it's 1138 00:46:40,920 --> 00:46:42,889 how those 15 came back 1139 00:46:45,500 --> 00:46:46,969 from a left microphone. 1140 00:46:46,970 --> 00:46:49,099 I think you missed some of my question. 1141 00:46:49,100 --> 00:46:50,689 I also wanted to know about the flight 1142 00:46:50,690 --> 00:46:52,849 duration of Texas and 1143 00:46:52,850 --> 00:46:54,049 Texas as well. 1144 00:46:54,050 --> 00:46:56,419 So the Texas flight 1145 00:46:56,420 --> 00:46:58,669 this hour, three minutes up and then 1146 00:46:58,670 --> 00:46:59,900 probably about, 1147 00:47:01,250 --> 00:47:03,379 I think, eight minutes or so 1148 00:47:03,380 --> 00:47:05,659 down, but most of the time 1149 00:47:05,660 --> 00:47:06,409 it's on the parachute. 1150 00:47:06,410 --> 00:47:08,239 So that's nothing special anymore 1151 00:47:08,240 --> 00:47:09,240 happening. 1152 00:47:10,290 --> 00:47:12,319 Texas is a little bit complicated to say. 1153 00:47:12,320 --> 00:47:14,329 So, for example, how long? 1154 00:47:14,330 --> 00:47:16,549 Our flight was only about two hours 1155 00:47:16,550 --> 00:47:18,619 or so. But for example, one of 1156 00:47:18,620 --> 00:47:21,049 the last Texas flight, which flight 1157 00:47:21,050 --> 00:47:23,149 this year in October this year, that a 1158 00:47:23,150 --> 00:47:25,969 very long flight because there were no 1159 00:47:25,970 --> 00:47:27,169 horizontal winds. 1160 00:47:27,170 --> 00:47:29,299 So there are pictures where the 1161 00:47:29,300 --> 00:47:31,549 balloon was launched two hours ago and 1162 00:47:31,550 --> 00:47:33,739 they could take a photo from 1163 00:47:33,740 --> 00:47:36,049 the launch pad where the balloon 1164 00:47:36,050 --> 00:47:38,209 was visible in 30 kilometers 1165 00:47:38,210 --> 00:47:40,489 height. So it could be quite 1166 00:47:40,490 --> 00:47:42,619 long. And it depends on the horizontal 1167 00:47:42,620 --> 00:47:44,449 winds, for example, and also on the 1168 00:47:44,450 --> 00:47:45,859 constraints of the experiments. 1169 00:47:45,860 --> 00:47:47,840 Some experiments wants to want to have 1170 00:47:49,100 --> 00:47:51,319 a long duration of measurement and some 1171 00:47:51,320 --> 00:47:53,389 experiments want to have a slower 1172 00:47:53,390 --> 00:47:55,519 duration of flight of 1173 00:47:55,520 --> 00:47:57,139 floating because, for example, they only 1174 00:47:57,140 --> 00:47:59,329 want to take measurements in the rising 1175 00:47:59,330 --> 00:48:00,330 and falling. 1176 00:48:03,520 --> 00:48:05,460 Are there any more questions? 1177 00:48:08,900 --> 00:48:11,089 It does not look like that, so 1178 00:48:11,090 --> 00:48:12,619 please give a warm round of applause to 1179 00:48:12,620 --> 00:48:13,620 penitents.