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[Music]
we will have today Mar noi and noo from
La quad dunet La quad dunet has been
working their asses off for your digital
rights since 2008 they've been working
and making essential contributions in
France and the EU about digital rights
today they will present a sassy overview
of the increasing oppressive and
surveillance state from the country of
Human Rights especially its
repercussions on activists thank you
give it
up uh hello everyone I'm noi I am M and
I'm no no so thank you everybody for
coming we'll present a year in review of
France's best and beyond all the police
States and stuff so it's been a long
long year and we're going to try to go
over a few emblematic cases that
happened this year so let's start shall
we so we decided to present you as a
satirical tale with characters and every
story has his villains and his it Heroes
and what's good here is that they are
both in the same time so let's start
with our competitors and with the first
one Gerald dhano who is our little
French hero or our little prodig as we
say he's the minister of interior and uh
he comes from the right party but he
betrayed them to join Emanuel macron and
now he's pushing for Far Right ideas and
to give you a summary well he's a racist
he was accused of rape he used to had
some anti-semitic pension and of course
he loves to Target Muslim whenever he
can so A beautiful per beautiful
character uh he's a chief of the police
uh French police uh known for being very
soft and kind during protests and also
he he's always uh cares about uh the
cops unions which uh in France the cops
Union are very influenced and he gets
along with them very
well and as a second competitor composed
with well-known big companies and small
startups uh always ready to win a new
market always happy to help government
to increase surveillance uh always uh
happy to participate building the law uh
by crying because low is slowing
Innovation the it is the French Vance
industry we now have the Minister of
Justice Mr Eric dup morti who before
becoming Minister of Justice was a
lawyer and the first thing he did when
he became Minister of Justice was to uh
put pressure on the judges he was
confronted to when he was a
lawyer kind of weird um he's also been
in a corruption case uh for like being
you know corrupted as a Minister of
Justice which is kind of weird too if
you think about
and he's been speaking loudly saying
sexist things very cool nice character
overall and our last
competitor um the most secretive and
sneaky ones uh the intelligence services
so djsc and
DJs uh since 2015 and a big intelligence
bill that passed they have very broad
surveillance Powers uh so they are kind
of favorite horse in this race and uh
they're very used to do political
surveillance uh especially since the
yellow vest protest that happened a few
years ago well they got very crazy about
it and now they cannot really let go of
it so all of them will fight in eight
rounds uh they will win and lose points
uh all of this based in a total uh
arbitrary manner of counting and
distributing
points uh so let's start mhm
so everything starts in Paris in January
2023 ah Paris capital of love but also
capital of sport because as you Sur know
we will host the Olympic G Olympic Games
in
2024 um this is a wonderful opportunity
for dman to pass a new surance slope
this is something we usually we are used
to we are used to see
in France each time you have an
exceptional event you have an ex
exceptional law and here comes the
French
industry they came with a speciality of
the moment AA AI powered um video
surveillance which is um software based
on a computer V Vision algorithm
algorithms um which is aimed to uh
analyze uh the images from the video
surveillance uh to find uh what we
called suspicious behavior and what is
interesting is this definition of
suspicious Behavior because we have been
studying this for four years at
laet and we uh have seen that this is
used to detect things like people lying
on theground in the streets are people
running people uh walking in the wrong
way um
in the others in the other way than the
other people and stuff like that even if
um the the the the things that the that
the industry and the the promotors of
this technology um more talk are more
talking about um uh detecting abandoned
Parcels to fight against terrorism or to
um uh the detect when there is a crowd
movement so uh this definition of
suspicious uh behavior is really
interesting because it's in the street
and it's more uh surveillance on poor
peoples than on
others
um what uh to to make it accept the the
the
the the strategy of DH was to uh use the
opacity of the development of this
technology because nobody really knows
it and to use the fact that it is uh
officially an
experiment an experimentation and uh so
it make us think that it will end but as
we know at La quadrature when there is a
surveillance experimentation it never
ends so uh for this amazing lobing
performance we give 10 point to the
surveillance industry and to and for
instrumentalizing such a large scale
large large scale event we give a five
pent to
daro um meanwhile in the French lands in
a beautiful city called D there is this
place called lean which is actually a
political and activist Place uh that
existence more than 20 years so there
are people living there and one day they
were very curious about a little white
box on an electric pole electrical pole
and they opened it and what did they
find out well a axis camera that cost
more several thousands of euros and
actually they saw on Google Earth that
it's been here and Google street maps
that it's been here for months even
years filming everybody going in and out
of this place place which as I just said
is somewhere where activists gather and
that's not it on the same period a few
days before uh a guide called Julian L
which is a leader of environmental
movements he found on the under his car
a GPS Tracer also um and the same guy
found the year before a cameras uh
hidden in bushes uh in front of his
father's h house so we in this round the
intelligence Services make their
entrance but maybe with a little too
much enthusiasm so we give them 10
points for the sneakiness but they lose
three points because they got CAU uh
yeah so that's it for the second
round so third round they was the Battle
of sun so it's a big climate protest
against the mega Vin that you can see
behind it's basically a huge pool of
water that pumps water from the ground
and from around it leaving everything
very dry except for the meab Basin
privately owned so privatization of
water there were huge protest and it was
a good occasion for the police to try
out new techniques and new toys so the
new techniques were well that's not very
new police has been shooting people with
tear gas and non-lethal weapons for a
while now but but uh they also had new
techniques like for example a range of
quads uh police mounted 2x two on a
motorbike and charging as a as a line to
the protesters so there were two people
in coma a lot of people injured blood
tears Etc but there were also new toys
uh those little um guns there that are
paintball guns uh contain little pellets
that have DNA markers on them so what
happens is they see somebody in the
crowd and they'll Aim Shoot and will
Mark you you won't see it uh but under
UV lights you can see it kind of glows
so the thing is that France is the only
country in the world to use this
technology and other countries have
actually explicitly told France that it
has uh social acceptance issues because
you know like marking people with DNA is
kind of weird to do um and it doesn't
prove anything also like you you can't
say that DNA has like there's no date
and hour it's not linked to other people
so you can't really prove anything from
what we heard we're going to stop using
it so 10 points for the Innovation
[Music]
Bravo other po police to um well
um French police loves cameras we have
more than 1 million of them in the
country and as you can see in this
picture they love them even more when
they are flying uh last April a law
authorized the use of drones by
police and as in other uh countries they
were mainly used to watch other
demonstrations but uh we had several
other use uh which were more like
excuses to uh add more surveillance on
poor population uh we add uh drones on
Border like for instance in the on the
border with Italy and with Spain and on
the English Channel uh we add DRS in the
cities to uh prevent from uh motorbikes
races to prevent um drugs and cigarette
traffic and also every event we had like
during the World Cup of rugby uh we had
drones surrounding the stadiums or
during some
concerts so um for spreading his new
toys to the police give five point to
dhana and for the opportunity uh for
taking advantages of the situation we
give also three point2 the
industry um so during uh all through the
year D so for those who didn't follow it
our thear minister of interior he
multiplied attacks on encryption he
doesn't really like encryption because
it prevents him from for having access
to
conversation uh
so uh firstly he said um he he targeted
activists uh saying that uh they were
using encrypted messaging app because of
paranoia or because they have the
culture of being clanin uh doing this to
uh giving less legitimacy see on this
but then what's interesting it's a few
months before after sorry um there were
a terrorist attack in France in the
north of France and dhana used this
occasion to do another attack on
encryption but this time he expressly uh
required to undermine encryption and not
new he asked for a back door we've heard
this before um but it's pretty funny how
he asked for it he used a very imaged uh
sentence so as you can see on on this
quote he said that traditional phone
typing well it was good you can listen
to every conversation now people
unfortunately they're using encrypted
apps it would be so great if there were
a back door and if you could say hey Mr
WhatsApp hey Mr telegram I suspect that
Mr X may be about to do something give
me his
conversation well even we don't know if
he doesn't know how encryption works and
that he doesn't know that Mr WhatsApp
and Mr telegram don't have actually
access to the content because it's
encrypted or if he fakes this to just uh
keep on going on um on undermining
encryption anyway it was really stupid
and really dumb so for this he loses uh
Five Points yeah Five Points
sorry
so now another climate protest um so it
was at cement plant from lafar so lafar
is also known for doing deals with Isis
supplying cement to them so to shine a
light on that and to also fight against
the climate impact of cement activists
went to the cement plant and did tags
put sand in diesel tanks cut a few wires
so nobody was harmed it was like a a way
of showing it and putting it in the
press in the media but it was also the
occasion for the police to try every
trick in the book when I say every trick
in the book we're going to give a point
for every trick that they used and let's
start the list so there was DNA analysis
over 2 square kilm they found one
cigarette butt and did a bit of DNA
analysis on that as I said before DNA is
not time sensitive so you can't prove
anything maybe a worker had a cigarette
throw it on the ground bad for him but
whatever there were fingerprints CCTV
tapes taken from the buses the streets
the trains Etc from a large area around
the cement plant facial recognition on
those tapes GSM location malware
injection so they would send malware to
the phones and computers of the suspects
uh they also got the call and SMS logs
they put emse catchers which like uh
intercept messages from the phones and
calls and stuff near the sexest home uh
and they listen on phone calls but they
also take the data from the banks the
trains the bus companies the social
networ NS internet traffic from the ISP
so the connection logs etc etc etc and
also the microphones in the homes and
cars GPS trackers on the cars pictures
from the tolls on motorways to see who
was riding with whom a bit of ENT
analysis so checking on the news seeing
what was happening and stuff uh did home
searches of the suspects and uh
exfiltrated data from the suspects
phones so how many well 16 points for Mr
D half of them to the surveillance
Community for maybe going a little bit
over the top I mean that's still a
[Applause]
win on the 27th of June um Nel a
teenager of um 17 years old was shot by
the police the day that followed we had
many riots in the in Paris suburbs and
other cities
and it was time for Eric jti to make his
entrance so what did he do has he taken
interest in the social problems of the
suburbs as he under undertake a huge
plan to reduce police violence not at
all uh instead he chose to appoint a
lack of Education of the of the young
protesting uh he blamed the parent and
the parents and also he blamed the their
usual scapegoat with video games The
Social Network because those um those
event were shared on Tik Tok and
Snapchat for ex for instance the
government uh summoned The Social
Network to ask them to censor the
content um spreading this
event obviously uh the social networks
obeyed and Snapchat even when they
showing off that on their platform there
were only contempt against those
riots so um for this great moment of
censorship ala Fran we give 15 points to
Eric
[Applause]
[Music]
DTI
um so it's the final and eighth round
and it's still with Eric so as you can
see he's um he's trying to catch up uh
in this race and for this he brought out
big guns uh to give you some context
since
2016 the police in France for not all of
the crimes but specific crimes but not
very serious I mean it's still quite a
big scope uh they can put microphone or
cameras in private places and
cars uh so they do this kind of
surveillance and for Eric D he said it
was maybe a bit too dangerous to go and
install those kind of tools so he had a
brilliant idea let's do it remotely and
how come we spywares uh so didn't care
if it like compromises security or maybe
there is something called Pegasus that
was a bit of a scandal um the idea was
to allow the police so to access
remotely to to um the camera the
microphone or the GPS um of any
electronic device so meaning uh your
phone your computer uh your smart car or
Google home if you have one uh to have
access to what everybody says if it's a
microphone or to the images of the
camera of your phone or your or your
computer um so it would be great to
transform everything into police
snitches it's a really good move really
really good idea uh and it's also new
technologies so their in Innovation so
we give 20 points for
D wait wait but wait wait what what's
what's coming oh oh no the Constitution
oh forgot about it
um
yeah uh so con conal it's are like a
French constitutional court it's not the
best best Safeguard he it authorized a
lot of surveillance law for the past
years but in November it woke up and
said it might be a little intrusive so
said that this law was um a breach of
the Constitution actually not all of it
U only the microphone and uh the Camera
Part which is the worst but still uh so
you know G the police can activate GPS
function
remotely uh so Eric D is a lawyer he
should have known all of this so he
loses 35 points and coming back to zero
yeah so so that's it what's the r who
who
won
um but actually the story is not really
over um when we submitted the lecture we
wanted to make something funny because
humor is something that we use every day
uh to go through this difficult moments
this difficult fight but something
happened last week that we cannot really
laugh
about uh so we changed the end uh uh
maybe so I'm going to um maybe you've
heard of it it's what we called the a
December case it's a judicial case that
happened uh in France I will summ it up
like really briefly it will deserve it
would deserve a whole conference about
it but we made articles about it there
is an English Wikipedia page uh you can
come talk with us after if you want um
so it's a story of seven people who are
uh old coming is lefty or activist
background who were prosecuted for
terrorist
Association even if no uh real concrete
project was ever proven was ever shown
uh in this case that started three years
ago a lot of surveillance was made by
the intelligence services and the police
so it from
um uh wire tapping phone to bugging
private place and I say that because in
the proceeding in the in the f
there is a lot of uh statement uh
sentences that were pronounced in
private used gain them because it was
about politics it was about radicality
but it was about violence it was used to
show that they were violence uh for
example they talk about cops at 3:00
a.m. it can be used against them to show
they were violent and they had terrorist
intention there are a lot of elements to
convict them not only this but what's
really interesting and what what
concerns here and what should concern
you is that among these
elements uh it's you the fact that all
of them used some encrypted tools some
privacy tools uh to protect that privacy
like we all do here I guess it was used
against them to show that they wanted to
hide that they wanted to be
clandestine uh here you have a quote of
the public prosecutor in his brief that
sum it up he wanted to show that it was
a dangerous group of people as you can
see uh being in the cult of secrecy
obsess obsession with
discretion um because they only use
encrypted communication and uh signal is
particularly pointed
out but that's all of it uh actually we
we had access to the file and we show
elements all over it uh about privacy um
describing the use but also the person
when they got arrested they were they
were questioned about about it so again
it was a lot about encryption being
using encrypted app such as signal but
also WhatsApp uh wire silence also
having encrypted emails with Proto mail
uh the fact that they had internet
privacy tools like VPN T the fact that
they use use Tails um also that they
were protecting themselves against
exploitation of personal data they got
question why are you skeptical with
Google services for example
um really like why did you install
signal to your mom there it's really
it's we can laugh about it but it's
really really scary the fact that use
alternative are and um free operating
system like EOS or linage the fact that
they encrypted their digital media or
devices the fact that that they organize
or participate participated sorry to
crypto parties to install Tales uh the
and also uh the fact that they only
possessed uh simple technical literacy
documentation so we follow the case we
went to the hearings that took took
place in
October and uh the final
decision was ruled last week on December
2022 and it's actually terrible um the
court followed exactly the fous
reasoning of the public
prosecutor uh the judge said that even
if there were no plan project uh they
had terrorist intention mostly uh based
on the private things they said on
violence on um on their arist IDs the
fact that they had books about it uh for
example um and amongst other elements
are other elements and not only this but
still they maintain the fact that if
they use signal if they use special
privacy tool it means that they wanted
to hide and they wanted to organize
discretly so after this decision we are
actually afraid for the future and our
friends tells us that for the first time
they are also
afraid uh this is a political
judgment that threatens all activists uh
it's uh also very dangerous precedent
for
privacy as it's here it's not seen as a
fundamental right but as a susp ious
Behavior it means that any form of of
confidentiality well it can become
suspect by
default yeah so that was it you're in
your view thank you for joining us we
wanted to show you a bit like what was
happening and stuff because of well the
situation is pretty frightening France
also has a lot of influence in the EU
and we wanted to show it to the CCC
because we know that a lot of people are
working in EU politics or have an
interest in it so we'll need your help
in the coming years and the coming days
and stuff to put pressure on France and
to stop France from influencing too much
the other countries in the EU being
mindful of what was happening in France
um we will continue the fight and uh we
will need your support you can support
us at this URL and uh I hope we'll see
you all in the Olympics to enjoy all of
the new tech thank you very
much
[Applause]
uh I think that that was not the last
ruling in this case I hope at least uh
do you do you see a way of in the end
going to the European court with us
because this is so outrageous I mean the
European Court is not going to abide by
this sorry can you just repeat the end
do do we said Indian what sorry I didn't
hear the European Cur what about the
European curse yeah
um how long will it take until you want
up at the European Court um actually we
already went a few time to the European
court of justice uh and it's actually
one of our best Ally now in France as
the French courts are uh really
increasing or giving back bad decision
Etc so when we do litigation we try to
go to this court but it's cannot be an
option for
everything uh because it's long as you
said um it takes in general three or
four years to it it depends on the case
but it it it takes a long time to have a
decision and uh for unlawful
surveillance it can help but for
political surveillance like in the end
the European Court cannot do that much
because we there is this thing of there
is an ex exemption of National Security
also for every country
so we we we did it we we don't have for
this eight or nine events we don't know
if we will go there but it's true that
now when we come to the French
institution we see a wall and so the
European Union is one of our best uh
Alli
M for um I wanted to ask if you think
there's something special about France
or if this things can also I mean they
probably also happen in Germany
Switzerland and Italy or do you think um
France has like something special like
special way of politics or something
that
well thank thankfully and not thankfully
France is not so special there's been
cases like this in other countries but
um the the international events
happening in France also put a spotlight
on it so that's why we also wanted to
show like the not so good part of France
and kind of counter the propaganda of
the French government going on with this
and also like keep you posted on what's
happening in France I'm not sure that
this kind of events are known
internationally so yeah keeping
everybody uh in touch with what's
happening in surveillance U settings
like this is I think an important part
and sorry maybe to add just a bit uh for
some of it for example the AI power
surveillance we know that it's there is
really a French industry maybe coming
from the ancient milit military industry
that is really strong in France so there
is some explanation but as no no said
also I think there is this General
context in European Union of far rights
coming of nobody cares of the
institution uh and maybe also we have
this thing in France called s Republic
which is like our in fifth Republic and
our institution are maybe at the end of
the race I mean they they are not
working there is no the safeguards are
not working anymore uh there is this big
debate about renewing all the way we
work and you can see that the courts are
not helping that the politics can do
whatever they want so it might explain
also why they can do all of this okay
thank you yeah thank you for the talk
and especially pointing out this yeah
very problematic uh subject um I however
have some uh issues with understanding
both sides of the side like I do
understand that we want uh to to keep
our communication safe that we don't
want surveillance if we do not have
anything um that has like certain uh
obvious reasons for surveillance on the
other side I'm also kind of afraid uh
with my physical U awareness when I
think of games like the Olympic Games I
see that there is a risk of terrorism
acts on that hand on the other hand I do
also see that I don't want the civilians
that you just pointed out so what is
your recommendation to combine to
combine both uh sides of the
card I I can answer on on that one
there's been examples of uh the police
using surveillance and for example
facial recognition stuff like in major
sport events uh um there was this uh
football game with Liverpool I think a
few a few months back something like
that and um the police just didn't
organize itself physically well to
prevent the terrorist attacks one one
thing to keep in mind is like CCTV and
surveillance and stuff uh is not as good
as actually being like having a human
presence having uh human intelligence
going to check out people who would be
problematic um adding Tech to a social
or to a security problem doesn't always
make it like U go away the the problem
doesn't go away so yeah we we've seen
the D say he if we had it II we we could
maybe have a better security and stuff
when in reality it was a way to cover up
the shortcomings of the police but not
in a technical sense just in the like
doctrinal sense of not letting people go
through making massive amounts of people
wait at some point uh preventing people
from moving which are the main targets
of like bombing and terrorist attacks so
you say the main issue is not the
technical resource but it's the human
resource it's the human resource and the
political way of also doing security
that has uh been a big problem in France
for example so nobody say that the
Olympics is not going to be an
exceptional event it will but we saying
that surveillance is not the solution
it's not efficient unono has said that
there are other ways of preventing it
but for example in Paris I think the big
issue will be public transport for
example I mean there
are there is this kind of manipulation
saying that uh technology will solve the
problem not addressing all of the
problem and not proposing all of the
solution and this is something we saw
see a lot in France that uh security can
only comes from surve
and we try to show that it's not true
it's not efficient and if it's not
efficient it's only dangerous and mass
surveillance and so we try to go out
from the narrative that the public
powers are imposing uh the Olympic Games
will be a mess but this is not the
solution at all thank
[Applause]
you thank you very much for the
presentation I'd like to know all the
data that you have collected on your eth
challeng or on the eight short stories
uh were they all publicly available or
did you issue some requests to the
public
entities um it depends on the subject uh
on the subject links to the AI
powered uh video surveillance uh we have
a lot of data which are accessible
because we have a campaign uh about this
which is called technopolis so you can
find all those data on data.
technopolis um and for the other subject
we have several uh data datas on our
website so you can find them there and
see but you also can ask us if you want
thank you very
much next make three noise yeah thank
you for your talk um when the activist
uh attacked the cement factory you
mentioned in the after that some
activists were targeted with forensic
software so we forensics so uh mware was
placed on their phones or laptops can
you be more specific about
that um if if I understand the question
it's for the lafar plant
yeah actually um if I remember well uh
so they tried the police tried to put
some my malware kilers on five
smartphones and they only succeeded in
one uh that's the the information we
have but all of this is not really uh
it's not really accessible and we
believe that the only one they succeeded
we well we don't know if they did it
remotely or if they went to this guy's
place and introduce and that's something
that maybe might go public but so it's
all those person were arrested in June
so it's really recent uh the proceeding
document are not public so this is some
information we got that that is in
French but uh that's all we know for now
from from what we know they were gav uh
interrogations yeah custody they were
held in custody and their phones were uh
inspected by the police at that time and
we believe it's possible that at that
moment the phone were compromised by the
police and there's also this law that uh
we we talked about that um enable to put
spyware and even if you just activate
the GPS um um module you still need to
have an access to the phone remotely or
physically and maybe follow has the
malware has been analyzed from some of
you or do you know which malware was
used no yeah we don't have a we we might
know in the next few months years but
it's still it's still on goinging
procedure so difficult to have access
there is a secret of okay one last
question from Mike
three hi um as if I understood correctly
you mentioned that there is a relatively
big AI industry or surveillance AI power
surveillance industry in France what do
you know about how France Works
internationally with other countries
maybe even extremely repressive
States ah who wants to go is
your um I can well we know that France
is pushing uh at the European Union
level for uh large
for I mean broad legis legislation so
that's the legal part of it we know that
they selling also their uh softwares uh
to a lot of countries quat also buys
stuff from France there's this big
convention called mipo in France that
happens in Paris a few times and uh it's
the occasion for all the the industries
we were seeing Tes for example which is
very well known uh msis there's all
those startups that have a lot of like
selling and a front view on the rest of
the world during this convention so if
you check out like for example Tes or
mipo there's this great website called
refle reflexo which has a great
documentation on everything that's been
going on during like in this area thank
you that was it thank you so much thank
[Music]
you